PSP Bibliography

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The magnetic field measurements of the FIELDS instrument on the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) have shown intensities, throughout its first solar encounter, that require a very low source surface (SS) height ( R\ SS\ ⩽1.8R\ ⊙\ \ RSS⩽1.8R⊙ ) to be reconciled with magnetic field measurements at the Sun via potential field extrapolation (PFSS). However, during PSP\textquoterights second encounter, the situation went back to a more classic SS height ( R\ SS\ ⩽2.5R\ ⊙\ \ RSS⩽2.5R⊙ ). Here we use high-resolution observations of the photospheric magnetic field (Solar Dynamics Observatory/Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager) to calculate neutral lines and boundaries of the open field regions for SS heights from 1.2 to 2.5 R_☉ using an evolving PFSS model and the measured solar wind speed to trace the source of the wind observed by PSP to the low corona and photosphere. We adjust R_SS to get the best match for the field polarity over the period 2018 October-November and 2019 March-April, finding that the best fit for the observed magnetic field polarity inversions requires a nonspherical SS. The geometry of the coronal hole boundaries for different R_SS is tested using the PSP perihelion passes, 3D PFSS models, and LASCO/C2 observations. We investigate the sources of stronger-than-average magnetic fields and times of Alfv\ enic fast and slow wind. Only some of the strongly Alfv\ enic slow wind streams seen by PSP survive and are observed at 1 au: the origins and peculiar topology of the background in which they propagate is discussed.