PSP Bibliography

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The\ Parker Solar Probe\ (PSP) will eventually reach and cross the Alfv\ en point or surface as it provides us with direct in situ measurements of the solar atmosphere. The Alfv\ en surface is the location at which the large-scale bulk solar wind speed\ \ and the Alfv\ en speed\ \ _A\ are equal, and thus it separates sub-Aflv\ enic coronal flow\ \ from super-Alfv\ enic solar wind flow\ . The nature of turbulence at the Alfv\ en surface is not fully understood, and the\ PSP\ measurements at the Alfv\ en surface will be revealing. We investigate turbulence at the Alfv\ en surface from a theoretical perspective by using the 2012 and 2017 Zank et al. turbulence transport model equations. The 2012 Zank et al. description is applicable to a large plasma beta\ β\ _p\ \ 1 regime, whereas the 2017 Zank et al. model applies to a plasma beta regime of order of\ β\ _p\ \ ~\ 1 or\ 1. The distinction in the\ β\ _p\ \ 1 and\ β\ _p\ \ 1 or ~1 turbulence description is in a sense geometric, in that the\ β\ _p\ \ 1 description yields a fully 3D description of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence whereas\ β\ _p\ \ 1 or ~1 describes predominantly quasi-2D (with respect to the large-scale or mean magnetic field) turbulence and a minority slab turbulence component. Our analyses suggest that turbulence at the Alfv\ en surface (i) turns off if the higher order plasma beta turbulence transport model equations are used and (ii) does not turn off if the lower order plasma beta, nearly incompressible turbulence transport model equations are used.