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Found 864 entries in the Bibliography.
Showing entries from 101 through 150
| 2022 |
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Anomalous Cosmic-Ray Oxygen Observations into 0.1 au The Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun instrument suite onboard NASA s Parker Solar Probe mission continues to measure solar energetic particles and cosmic rays closer to the Sun than ever before. Here, we present the first observations of cosmic rays into 0.1 au (21.5 solar radii), focusing specifically on oxygen from \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde2018.7 to \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde2021.2. Our energy spectra reveal an anomalous cosmic-ray-dominated profile that is comparable to that at 1 au, across multiple so ... Rankin, J.~S.; McComas, D.~J.; Leske, R.~A.; Christian, E.~R.; Cohen, C.~M.~S.; Cummings, A.~C.; Joyce, C.~J.; Labrador, A.~W.; Mewaldt, R.~A.; Schwadron, N.~A.; Stone, E.~C.; Strauss, R.~D.; Wiedenbeck, M.~E.; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac348f Parker Data Used; 567; 329; 1487; 1193; 1503; 1476; 1534; 96; 1544; 711; 1322; 830; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Using the Parker Solar Probe FIELDS bandpass-filter data and SWEAP electron data from Encounters 1 through 9, we show statistical properties of narrowband whistlers from \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde16 R $_s$ to \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde130 R $_s$, and compare wave occurrence to electron properties including beta, temperature anisotropy, and heat flux. Whistlers are very rarely observed inside \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde28 R $_s$ (\raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde0.13 au). Outside 28 R $_s$, they occur within a narrow ... Cattell, C.; Breneman, A.; Dombeck, J.; Hanson, E.; Johnson, M.; Halekas, J.; Bale, S.~D.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Goodrich, K.; Malaspina, D.; Pulupa, M.; Case, T.; Kasper, J.~C.; Larson, D.; Stevens, M.; Whittlesey, P.; Published by: \apjl Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4015 Parker Data Used; 1534; 1261; 1544; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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The electron VDF in the solar wind consists of a Maxwellian core, a suprathermal halo, a field-aligned component strahl, and an energetic superhalo that deviates from the equilibrium. Whistler wave turbulence is thought to resonantly scatter the observed electron velocity distribution. Wave-particle interactions that contribute to Whistler wave turbulence are introduced into a Fokker-Planck kinetic transport equation that describes the interaction between the suprathermal electrons and the Whistler waves. A recent numerical ... Tang, Bofeng; Zank, Gary; Kolobov, Vladimir; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac36c9 |
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Strong Perpendicular Velocity-space Diffusion in Proton Beams Observed by Parker Solar Probe The SWEAP instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) has detected numerous proton beams associated with coherent, circularly polarized, ion-scale waves observed by PSP s FIELDS instrument suite. Measurements during PSP Encounters 4-8 revealed pronounced complex shapes in the proton velocity distribution functions (VDFs), in which the tip of the beam undergoes strong perpendicular diffusion, resulting in VDF level contours that resemble a hammerhead. We refer to these proton beams, with their attendant hammerhead fe ... Verniero, J.~L.; Chandran, B.~D.~G.; Larson, D.~E.; Paulson, K.; Alterman, B.~L.; Badman, S.; Bale, S.~D.; Bonnell, J.~W.; Bowen, T.~A.; de Wit, Dudok; Kasper, J.~C.; Klein, K.~G.; Lichko, E.; Livi, R.; McManus, M.~D.; Rahmati, A.; Verscharen, D.; Walters, J.; Whittlesey, P.~L.; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac36d5 Parker Data Used; 1544; 23; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Based on the Parker Solar Probe mission, this paper presents the observations of two correlations in solar wind turbulence near the Sun for the first time, demonstrating the clear existence of the following two correlations. One is positive correlation between the proton temperature and turbulent magnetic energy density. The other is negative correlation between the spectral index and magnetic helicity. It is found that the former correlation has a maximum correlation coefficient (CC) at the wavenumber k \ensuremath\rho $_ p ... Zhao, G.~Q.; Lin, Y.; Wang, X.~Y.; Feng, H.~Q.; Wu, D.~J.; Kasper, J.~C.; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3747 |
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A Study of an Equatorial Coronal Hole Observed at the First Parker Solar Probe Perihelion In this study, we present an observational analysis of a coronal hole (CH) observed on 2018 November 1 and solar wind (SW) that originated from it, using the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations at 68 solar radii, ACE and WIND data at 1 au, and interplanetary scintillation (IPS) observations from 0.2 to 1 au. The CH-originated SW stream was observed by L1 on 2018 November 4 and by PSP on 2018 November 15. We examined the CH for nine Carrington Rotations (CR) and find that the SW stream to rea ... Karna, Nishu; Berger, Mitchell; Asgari-Targhi, Mahboubeh; Paulson, Kristoff; Fujiki, Ken; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3c46 |
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We utilize the data from the Parker Solar Probe mission at its first perihelion to investigate the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropies and scalings of solar wind turbulence for the total, perpendicular, and parallel magnetic-field fluctuations at kinetic scales in the inner heliosphere. By calculating the five-point second-order structure functions, we find that the three characteristic lengths of turbulence eddies for the total and the perpendicular magnetic-field fluctuations in the local reference frame $(\hatL_\perp ,\ha ... Zhang, J.; Huang, S.~Y.; He, J.~S.; Wang, T.~Y.; Yuan, Z.~G.; Deng, X.~H.; Jiang, K.; Wei, Y.~Y.; Xu, S.~B.; Xiong, Q.~Y.; Lin, R.~T.; Yu, L.; Published by: \apjl Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4027 |
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Simulation of Plasma Emission in Magnetized Plasmas The recent Parker Solar Probe observations of type III radio bursts show that the effects of the finite background magnetic field can be an important factor in the interpretation of data. In the present paper, the effects of the background magnetic field on the plasma-emission process, which is believed to be the main emission mechanism for solar coronal and interplanetary type III radio bursts, are investigated by means of the particle-in-cell simulation method. The effects of the ambient magnetic field are systematically s ... Lee, Sang-Yun; Yoon, Peter; Lee, Ensang; Tu, Weichao; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac32bb Parker Data Used; 1544; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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We report small-scale magnetic flux ropes via the in situ measurements from the Parker Solar Probe during the first six encounters, and present additional analyses to supplement our prior work in Chen et al. These flux ropes are detected by the Grad-Shafranov-based algorithm, with their durations and scale sizes ranging from 10 s to \ensuremath\lesssim1 hr and from a few hundred kilometers to 10$^-3$ au, respectively. They include both static structures and those with significant field-aligned plasma flows. Most structures t ... Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3487 Parker Data Used; 1858; 830; 1504; 1503; 1534; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Slow Shock Formation Upstream of Reconnecting Current Sheets The formation, development, and impact of slow shocks in the upstream regions of reconnecting current layers are explored. Slow shocks have been documented in the upstream regions of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of magnetic reconnection as well as in similar simulations with the kglobal kinetic macroscale simulation model. They are therefore a candidate mechanism for preheating the plasma that is injected into the current layers that facilitate magnetic energy release in solar flares. Of particular interest is their ... Arnold, H.; Drake, J.~F.; Swisdak, M.; Guo, F.; Dahlin, J.~T.; Zhang, Q.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac423b Parker Data Used; 1504; 2086; 2089; 1544; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Improving the Alfv\ en Wave Solar Atmosphere Model Based on Parker Solar Probe Data In van der Holst et al. (2019), we modeled the solar corona and inner heliosphere of the first encounter of NASA s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) using the Alfv\ en Wave Solar atmosphere Model (AWSoM) with Air Force Data Assimilative Photospheric flux Transport- Global Oscillation Network Group magnetograms, and made predictions of the state of the solar wind plasma for the first encounter. AWSoM uses low-frequency Alfv\ en wave turbulence to address the coronal heating and acceleration. Here, we revise our simulations, by introdu ... van der Holst, B.; Huang, J.; Sachdeva, N.; Kasper, J.~C.; Manchester, W.~B.; Borovikov, D.; Chandran, B.~D.~G.; Case, A.~W.; Korreck, K.~E.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; Stevens, M.; Whittlesey, P.; Bale, S.~D.; Pulupa, M.; Malaspina, D.~M.; Bonnell, J.~W.; Harvey, P.~R.; Goetz, K.; MacDowall, R.~J.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3d34 |
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A Fundamental Instability for the Solar Wind As has been known nearly since the beginning of space research with satellites and rockets that the temperature of the atmosphere of our Sun rises rapidly from the photosphere at about 6000 K to the order of 10$^6$ K. The major heating of the solar wind apparently occurs in a narrow region, the transition region, just above the chromosphere, a region where remote sensing of atomic energy levels shows a temperature of 10$^6$ deg. However, since the early days of the recognition of the solar wind it has been recognized that th ... Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac32e0 |
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Parker Solar Probe Imaging of the Night Side of Venus We present images of Venus from the Wide-Field Imager for Parker Solar Probe (WISPR) telescope on board the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft, obtained during PSP s third and fourth flybys of Venus on 2020 July 11 and 2021 February 20, respectively. Thermal emission from the surface is observed on the night side, representing the shortest wavelength observations of this emission ever, the first detection of the Venusian surface by an optical telescope observing below 0.8 \ensuremath\mum. Consistent with previous observatio ... Wood, Brian; Hess, Phillip; Lustig-Yaeger, Jacob; Gallagher, Brendan; Korwan, Daniel; Rich, Nathan; Stenborg, Guillermo; Thernisien, Arnaud; Qadri, Syed; Santiago, Freddie; Peralta, Javier; Arney, Giada; Izenberg, Noam; Vourlidas, Angelos; Linton, Mark; Howard, Russell; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: \grl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1029/2021GL096302 |
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Alpha-Proton Differential Flow of the Young Solar Wind: Parker Solar Probe Observations The velocity of alpha particles relative to protons can vary depending on the solar wind type and distance from the Sun. Measurements from the previous spacecraft provided the alpha-proton differential velocities down to 0.3 au. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) now enables insights into differential flows of the newly accelerated solar wind closer to the Sun for the first time. Here we study the difference between proton and alpha bulk velocities near PSP perihelia of encounters 3-7 when the core solar wind is in the field of vi ... Mostafavi, P.; Allen, R.~C.; McManus, M.~D.; Ho, G.~C.; Raouafi, N.~E.; Larson, D.~E.; Kasper, J.~C.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac51e1 Parker Data Used; 1534; 1544; 1492; 1476; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Turbulence in the Sub-Alfv\ enic Solar Wind The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) entered a region of sub-Alfv\ enic solar wind during encounter 8, and we present the first detailed analysis of low-frequency turbulence properties in this novel region. The magnetic field and flow velocity vectors were highly aligned during this interval. By constructing spectrograms of the normalized magnetic helicity, cross-helicity, and residual energy, we find that PSP observed primarily Alfv\ enic fluctuations, a consequence of the highly field-aligned flow that renders quasi-2D fluctuation ... Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Adhikari, L.; Telloni, D.; Kasper, J.~C.; Stevens, M.; Rahmati, A.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac51da |
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An Improved Technique for Measuring Plasma Density to High Frequencies on the Parker Solar Probe The correlation between the plasma density measured in space and the surface potential of an electrically conducting satellite body with biased electric field detectors has been recognized and used to provide density proxies. However, for Parker Solar Probe, this correlation has not produced quantitative density estimates over extended periods of time because it depends on the energy-dependent exponential variation of the photoemission spectrum, the electron temperature, the ratio of the biased surface area to the conducting ... Mozer, F.~S.; Bale, S.~D.; Kellogg, P.~J.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; Romeo, O.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4f42 Parker Data Used; 1534; 1476; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Recent in situ observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission in the inner heliosphere near perihelia show evidence of ion beams, temperature anisotropies, and kinetic wave activity, which are likely associated with kinetic heating and acceleration processes of the solar wind. In particular, the proton beams were detected by PSP/Solar Probe Analyzers-Ion (SPAN-I) and related magnetic fluctuation spectra associated with ion-scale waves were observed by the FIELDS instrument. We present the ion velocity distribution fu ... Ofman, Leon; Boardsen, Scott; Jian, Lan; Verniero, Jaye; Larson, Davin; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac402c Parker Data Used; 1534; 1545; 1544; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Using the Parker Solar Probe measurements, this Letter reports two new types of multiband electrostatic waves in and near the heliospheric current sheet. They are classified into the f < f $_ce$ and f > f $_ce$ multiband electrostatic waves, in which most (or all) of the bands in the former type are lower than f $_ce$, and all of the bands in the latter type are higher than f $_ce$, where f and f $_ce$ denotes the wave frequency and the electron cyclotron frequency, respectively. This Letter also exhibits observational evide ... Shi, Chen; Zhao, Jinsong; Malaspina, David; Bale, Stuart; Dong, Xiangcheng; Wang, Tieyan; Wu, Dejin; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4d37 |
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The von K\ arm\ an-Howarth equations give a starting basis for the classical turbulence theory. The formula for the magnetohydrodynamics von K\ arm\ an decay rate represents an energy source in many solar wind models with turbulence as the driver. However, it still lacks the radial trend comparison between the von K\ arm\ an decay rate, the energy supply rate, and the perpendicular heating rate based on direct observations of the solar wind. Here we carry out this kind of comparison for the first time using Parker Solar Prob ... Wu, Honghong; Tu, Chuanyi; He, Jiansen; Wang, Xin; Yang, Liping; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4413 |
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Double-power-law Feature of Energetic Particles Accelerated at Coronal Shocks Recent observations have shown that in many large solar energetic particle (SEP) events the event-integrated differential spectra resemble double power laws. We perform numerical modeling of particle acceleration at coronal shocks propagating through a streamer-like magnetic field by solving the Parker transport equation, including protons and heavier ions. We find that for all ion species the energy spectra integrated over the simulation domain can be described by a double power law, and the break energy depends on the ion ... Yu, Feiyu; Kong, Xiangliang; Guo, Fan; Liu, Wenlong; Jiang, Zelong; Chen, Yao; Giacalone, Joe; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4cb3 1491; 1517; 1997; 1486; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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We analyze the micro-kinetic stability of the electron strahl in the solar wind depending on heliocentric distance. The oblique fast- magnetosonic/whistler (FM/W) instability has emerged in the literature as a key candidate mechanism for the effective scattering of the electron strahl into the electron halo population. Using data from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Helios, we compare the measured strahl properties with the analytical thresholds for the oblique FM/W instability in the low- and high-\ensuremath\beta $_\ensur ... Jeong, Seong-Yeop; Abraham, Joel; Verscharen, Daniel; Ber\vci\vc, Laura; Stansby, David; Nicolaou, Georgios; Owen, Christopher; Wicks, Robert; Fazakerley, Andrew; Rueda, Jeffersson; Bakrania, Mayur; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4dff Parker Data Used; 1534; 1544; 711; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Flux Rope Merging and the Structure of Switchbacks in the Solar Wind A major discovery of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was the presence of large numbers of localized increases in the radial solar wind speed and associated sharp deflections of the magnetic field- switchbacks (SBs). A possible generation mechanism of SBs is through magnetic reconnection between open and closed magnetic flux near the solar surface, termed interchange reconnection, that leads to the ejection of flux ropes (FRs) into the solar wind. Observations also suggest that SBs undergo merging, consistent with an FR picture of t ... Agapitov, O.~V.; Drake, J.~F.; Swisdak, M.; Bale, S.~D.; Horbury, T.~S.; Kasper, J.~C.; MacDowall, R.~J.; Mozer, F.~S.; Phan, T.~D.; Pulupa, M.; Raouafi, N.~E.; Velli, M.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4016 Parker Data Used; 711; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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At the end of 2020 September, the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and BepiColombo were radially aligned: PSP was orbiting near 0.17 au and BepiColombo near 0.6 au. This geometry is of particular interest for investigating the evolution of solar wind properties at different heliocentric distances by observing the same solar wind plasma parcels. In this work, we use the magnetic field observations from both spacecraft to characterize both the topology of the magnetic field at different heliocentric distances (scalings, high-order sta ... Alberti, Tommaso; Milillo, Anna; Heyner, Daniel; Hadid, Lina; Auster, Hans-Ulrich; Richter, Ingo; Narita, Yasuhito; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac478d Parker Data Used; 1534; 994; 1964; 830 |
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In the lower solar coronal regions where the magnetic field is dominant, the Alfv\ en speed is much higher than the wind speed. In contrast, the near-Earth solar wind is strongly super- Alfv\ enic, i.e., the wind speed greatly exceeds the Alfv\ en speed. The transition between these regimes is classically described as the Alfv\ en point but may in fact occur in a distributed Alfv\ en critical region. NASA s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission has entered this region, as it follows a series of orbits that gradually approach ... Bandyopadhyay, R.; Matthaeus, W.~H.; McComas, D.~J.; Chhiber, R.; Usmanov, A.~V.; Huang, J.; Livi, R.; Larson, D.~E.; Kasper, J.~C.; Case, A.~W.; Stevens, M.; Whittlesey, P.; Romeo, O.~M.; Bale, S.~D.; Bonnell, J.~W.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Harvey, P.~R.; MacDowall, R.~J.; Malaspina, D.~M.; Pulupa, M.; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4a5c Parker Data Used; 1544; 1534; 824; 23; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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In this paper we examine a low-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) event observed by IS\ensuremath\odotIS s Energetic Particle Instrument-Low (EPI-Lo) inside 0.18 au on 2020 September 30. This small SEP event has a very interesting time profile and ion composition. Our results show that the maximum energy and peak in intensity are observed mainly along the open radial magnetic field. The event shows velocity dispersion, and strong particle anisotropies are observed throughout the event, showing that more particles are stre ... Getachew, T.; McComas, D.~J.; Joyce, C.~J.; Palmerio, E.; Christian, E.~R.; Cohen, C.~M.~S.; Desai, M.~I.; Giacalone, J.; Hill, M.~E.; Matthaeus, W.~H.; McNutt, R.~L.; Mitchell, D.~G.; Mitchell, J.~G.; Rankin, J.~S.; Roelof, E.~C.; Schwadron, N.~A.; Szalay, J.~R.; Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Lynch, B.~J.; Phan, T.~D.; Bale, S.~D.; Whittlesey, P.~L.; Kasper, J.~C.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac408f Parker Data Used; 1491; 310; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Observations of cross scale energy transfer in the inner heliosphere by Parker Solar Probe The solar wind, a continuous flow of plasma from the sun, not only shapes the near Earth space environment but also serves as a natural laboratory to study plasma turbulence in conditions that are not achievable in the lab. Starting with the Mariners, for more than five decades, multiple space missions have enabled in- depth studies of solar wind turbulence. Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was launched to explore the origins and evolution of the solar wind. With its state-of-the-art instrumentation and unprecedented close approache ... Parashar, Tulasi; Matthaeus, William; Published by: Reviews of Modern Plasma Physics Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1007/s41614-022-00097-x Parker Data Used; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Acceleration of polytropic solar wind: Parker Solar Probe observation and one-dimensional model The acceleration of the solar coronal plasma to supersonic speeds is one of the most fundamental yet unresolved problems in heliophysics. Despite the success of Parker s pioneering theory on an isothermal solar corona, the realistic solar wind is observed to be non-isothermal, and the decay of its temperature with radial distance usually can be fitted to a polytropic model. In this work, we use Parker Solar Probe data from the first nine encounters to estimate the polytropic index of solar wind protons. The estimated polytro ... Shi, Chen; Velli, Marco; Bale, Stuart; eville, Victor; c, Milan; Dakeyo, Jean-Baptiste; Published by: Physics of Plasmas Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0124703 Parker Data Used; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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The Imprint of Intermittent Interchange Reconnection on the Solar Wind The solar wind is known to be highly structured in space and time. Observations from Parker Solar Probe have revealed an abundance of so-called magnetic switchbacks within the near-Sun solar wind. In this Letter, we use a high-resolution, adaptive-mesh, magnetohydrodynamics simulation to explore the disturbances launched into the solar wind by intermittent/bursty interchange reconnection and how they may be related to magnetic switchbacks. We find that repeated ejection of plasmoid flux ropes into the solar wind produces a c ... Wyper, Peter; DeVore, C.~R.; Antiochos, S.~K.; Pontin, D.~I.; Higginson, Aleida; Scott, Roger; Masson, Sophie; Pelegrin-Frachon, Theo; Published by: \apjl Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/aca8ae Parker Data Used; Solar corona; Solar coronal holes; Solar wind; Solar magnetic reconnection; Solar magnetic fields; Solar Physics; 1483; 1484; 1534; 1504; 1503; 1476 |
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Thermal Energy Budget of Electrons in the Inner Heliosphere: Parker Solar Probe Observations We present an observational analysis of the electron thermal energy budget using data from Parker Solar Probe. We use the macroscopic moments, obtained from our fits to the measured electron distribution function, to evaluate the thermal energy budget based on the second moment of the Boltzmann equation. We separate contributions to the overall budget from reversible and irreversible processes. We find that an irreversible thermal energy source must be present in the inner heliosphere over the heliocentric distance range fro ... Abraham, Joel; Verscharen, Daniel; Wicks, Robert; Rueda, Jeffersson; Owen, Christopher; Nicolaou, Georgios; Jeong, Seong-Yeop; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac9fd8 Parker Data Used; The Sun; Solar wind; Heliosphere; Plasma physics; 1693; 1534; 711; 2089; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Geophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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We present a 2D kinematic model to study the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) at a shock driven by a coronal mass ejection. The shock is assumed to be spherical about an origin that is offset from the center of the Sun. This leads to a spatial and temporal evolution of the angle between the magnetic field and the shock-normal direction (\ensuremath\theta $_ Bn $) as it propagates through the Parker spiral magnetic field from the lower corona to 1 au. We find that the high-energy SEP intensity varies significa ... Chen, Xiaohang; Giacalone, Joe; Guo, Fan; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac9f43 Parker Data Used; Solar energetic particles; Solar coronal mass ejection shocks; Interplanetary shocks; 1491; 1997; 829; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Statistical classification of the Helios solar wind observations into several populations sorted by bulk speed has revealed an outward acceleration of the wind. The faster the wind, the smaller this acceleration in the 0.3-1 au radial range. In this paper, we show that recent measurements from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) are compatible with an extension closer to the Sun of the latter Helios classification. For instance, the well-established bulk speed/proton temperature (u, T $_p$) correlation and bulk speed/electron tempe ... Dakeyo, Jean-Baptiste; Maksimovic, Milan; emoulin, Pascal; Halekas, Jasper; Stevens, Michael; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac9b14 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Interplanetary particle acceleration; Slow solar wind; Astronomy data modeling; 1534; 826; 1873; 1859 |
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Context. The opacity of the ionosphere prevents comprehensive Earth- based surveys of low frequency \ensuremath\nu \ensuremath\lesssim 10 MHz astrophysical radio emissions. The limited available data in this frequency regime show a downturn in the mean sky brightness at \ensuremath\nu \ensuremath\lesssim 3 MHz in a divergence from the synchrotron emission power-law that is observed at higher frequencies. The turning over of the spectrum coincides with a shift in the region of maximum brightness from the Galactic plane to the ... Page, B.; Bassett, N.; Lecacheux, A.; Pulupa, M.; Rapetti, D.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \aap Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244621 Parker Data Used; radio continuum: ISM; Galaxy: disk; opacity; methods: data analysis |
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Switchbacks — abrupt reversals of the magnetic field within the solar wind — have been ubiquitously observed by Parker Solar Probe (PSP). Their origin, whether from processes near the solar surface or within the solar wind itself, remains under debate, and likely has key implications for solar wind heating and acceleration. Here, using three-dimensional expanding box simulations, we examine the properties of switchbacks arising from the evolution of outwards-propagating Alfv\ en waves in the expanding solar wind ... Johnston, Zade; Squire, Jonathan; Mallet, Alfred; Meyrand, Romain; Published by: Physics of Plasmas Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1063/5.0133296 Parker Data Used; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Direct detection of ultralight dark matter bound to the Sun with space quantum sensors Recent advances in quantum sensors, including atomic clocks, enable searches for a broad range of dark matter candidates. The question of the dark matter distribution in the Solar system critically affects the reach of dark matter direct detection experiments. Partly motivated by the NASA Deep Space Atomic Clock and the Parker Solar Probe, we show that space quantum sensors present new opportunities for ultralight dark matter searches, especially for dark matter states bound to the Sun. We show that space quantum sensors can ... Tsai, Yu-Dai; Eby, Joshua; Safronova, Marianna; Published by: Nature Astronomy Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1038/s41550-022-01833-6 Parker Data Used; High Energy Physics - Phenomenology; Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics; Physics - Atomic Physics |
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Using ion measurements from Ultra-Low-Energy Isotope Spectrometer observations on board Advanced Composition Explorer and Solar Isotope Spectrometer observations on board the Solar Terrestrial Observatory (STEREO)-A and STEREO-B spacecraft, we have identified 854 $^3$He-rich time periods between 1997 September and 2021 March. We include all event types with observed $^3$He enhancements such as corotating interaction regions, gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events, interplanetary shocks, and impulsive SEP events. We em ... Hart, S.~T.; Dayeh, M.~A.; ik, Bu\vc\; Desai, M.~I.; Ebert, R.~W.; Ho, G.~C.; Li, G.; Mason, G.~M.; Published by: \apjs Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ac91c1 Parker Data Used; Active sun; Solar energetic particles; Active Solar Corona; Solar atmosphere; Solar abundances; Heliosphere; Solar observatories; 18; 1491; 1988; 1477; 1474; 711; 1513; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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We study the radial evolution, from 0.1 AU to the Earth, of a homogeneous recurrent fast wind, coming from the same source on the Sun, by means of new measurements by both Solar Orbiter and Parker Solar Probe. With respect to previous radial studies, we extend, for the first time, the analysis of a recurrent fast stream at distances never reached prior to the Parker Solar Probe mission. Confirming previous findings, the observations show: (i) a decrease in the radial trend of the proton density that is slower than the one ex ... Perrone, D.; Perri, S.; Bruno, R.; Stansby, D.; Amicis, R.; Jagarlamudi, V.~K.; Laker, R.; Toledo-Redondo, S.; Stawarz, J.~E.; Telloni, D.; De Marco, R.; Owen, C.~J.; Raines, J.~M.; Settino, A.; Lavraud, B.; Maksimovic, M.; Vaivads, A.; Phan, T.~D.; Fargette, N.; Louarn, P.; Zouganelis, I.; Published by: \aap Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202243989 |
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As a key feature, NASA s Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and ESA-NASA s Solar Orbiter (SO) missions cooperate to trace solar wind and transients from their sources on the Sun to the inner interplanetary space. The goal of this work is to accurately reconstruct the interplanetary Parker spiral and the connection between coronal features observed remotely by the Metis coronagraph on-board SO and those detected in situ by PSP at the time of the first PSP-SO quadrature of January 2021. We use the Reverse in situ and MHD Approach (RIMAP ... Biondo, Ruggero; Bemporad, Alessandro; Pagano, Paolo; Telloni, Daniele; Reale, Fabio; Romoli, Marco; Andretta, Vincenzo; Antonucci, Ester; Da Deppo, Vania; De Leo, Yara; Fineschi, Silvano; Heinzel, Petr; Moses, Daniel; Naletto, Giampiero; Nicolini, Gianalfredo; Spadaro, Daniele; Stangalini, Marco; Teriaca, Luca; Landini, Federico; Sasso, Clementina; Susino, Roberto; Jerse, Giovanna; Uslenghi, Michela; Pancrazzi, Maurizio; Published by: \aap Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244535 Parker Data Used; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); methods: numerical; Solar wind; Sun: heliosphere; Sun: corona; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Modeling the 2020 November 29 solar energetic particle event using EUHFORIA and iPATH models \ Aims: We present the implementation of a coupling between EUropean Heliospheric FORcasting Information Asset (EUHFORIA) and improved Particle Acceleration and Transport in the Heliosphere (iPATH) models. In this work, we simulate the widespread solar energetic particle (SEP) event of 2020 November 29 and compare the simulated time-intensity profiles with measurements at Parker Solar Probe (PSP), the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory (STEREO)-A, SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), and Solar Orbiter. We focus on ... Ding, Zheyi; Wijsen, Nicolas; Li, Gang; Poedts, Stefaan; Published by: \aap Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244732 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Sun: magnetic fields; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); acceleration of particles; Sun: particle emission; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and SolO data are utilized to investigate magnetic field intermittency in the solar wind (SW). Small-scale intermittency (20-100 d $_ i $) is observed to radially strengthen when methods relying on higher-order moments are considered (SF$_ q $; SDK), but no clear trend is observed at larger scales. However, lower-order moment-based methods (e.g., partial variance of increments; PVI) are deemed more appropriate for examining the evolution of the bulk of coherent structures (CSs), PVI \ensuremath\geq 3 ... Sioulas, Nikos; Huang, Zesen; Velli, Marco; Chhiber, Rohit; Cuesta, Manuel; Shi, Chen; Matthaeus, William; Bandyopadhyay, Riddhi; Vlahos, Loukas; Bowen, Trevor; Qudsi, Ramiz; Bale, Stuart; Owen, Christopher; Louarn, P.; Fedorov, A.; c, Milan; Stevens, Michael; Case, Anthony; Kasper, Justin; Larson, Davin; Pulupa, Marc; Livi, Roberto; Published by: \apj Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac7aa2 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; interplanetary turbulence; Magnetohydrodynamics; Space plasmas; Plasma astrophysics; Solar Physics; 1534; 830; 1964; 1544; 1261; 1476; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Tracking of magnetic helicity evolution in the inner heliosphere. A radial alignment study Context. Magnetic helicity is one of the invariants in ideal magnetohydrodynamics, and its spectral evolution has a substantial amount of information to reveal the mechanism that are behind turbulence in space and astrophysical plasmas. \ Aims: The goal of our study is to observationally characterize the magnetic helicity evolution in the inner heliosphere by resolving the helicity transport in a scale-wise fashion in the spectral domain. \ Methods: The evolution of the magnetic helicity spectrum in the inner heliosphere was ... Alberti, T.; Narita, Y.; Hadid, L.~Z.; Heyner, D.; Milillo, A.; Plainaki, C.; Auster, H.; Richter, I.; Published by: \aap Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202244314 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Sun: fundamental parameters; Sun: heliosphere |
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Whistler waves shown to disappear close to the Sun An analysis of data from NASA s Parker Solar Probe has revealed that electromagnetic whistler waves are unexpectedly absent from certain regions of the Sun s upper atmosphere. Published by: Physics World Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1088/2058-7058/35/04/08 |
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Small-Scale Magnetic Holes in the Solar Wind Observed by Parker Solar Probe The small-scale magnetic hole (SSMH), characterized by magnetic field depression, is a structure with the size in the order of proton gyro-radius. SSMHs near the Earth or other planets have been widely observed in recent years. However, SSMHs in the solar wind near the Sun are rarely investigated due to mission constraints. In the present study, SSMHs in the pristine solar wind within a wide heliocentric distance range are analyzed based on the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Mission measurements. A total of 2,416 SSMHs are success ... Yu, L.; Huang, S.~Y.; Yuan, Z.~G.; Jiang, K.; Wei, Y.~Y.; Zhang, J.; Xu, S.~B.; Xiong, Q.~Y.; Wang, Z.; Lin, R.~T.; Li, Y.~J.; Wang, C.~M.; Song, G.~J.; Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics) Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030505 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; small-scale magnetic hole; PSP |
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A magnetic flux rope configuration derived by optimization of two-spacecraft In-situ measurements Increasingly one interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) structure can propagate across more than one spacecraft in the solar wind. This usually happens when two or more spacecraft are nearly radially aligned with a relatively small longitudinal separation angle from one another. This provides multi-point measurements of the same structure and enables better characterization and validation of modeling results of the structures embedded in these ICMEs. We report such an event during October 13-14, 2019 when the Solar TErr ... Published by: Frontiers in Physics Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2022.960315 Parker Data Used; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Solar Chromospheric Network as a Source for Solar Wind Switchbacks Recent studies suggest that the magnetic switchbacks (SBs) detected by the Parker Solar Probe carry information on the scales of solar supergranulation (large scale) and granulation (medium scale). We test this claim using high-resolution H\ensuremath\alpha images obtained with the visible spectropolarimeters of the Goode Solar Telescope in Big Bear Solar Observatory. As possible solar sources, we count all the spicule-like features standing along the chromospheric networks near the coronal hole boundary visible in the H\ens ... Lee, Jeongwoo; Yurchyshyn, Vasyl; Wang, Haimin; Yang, Xu; Cao, Wenda; Oliveros, Juan; Published by: \apjl Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac86bf Parker Data Used; Solar magnetic fields; Solar chromosphere; Solar wind; interplanetary magnetic fields; 1503; 1479; 1534; 824 |
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An orbital model for the Parker Solar Probe mission: Classical vs relativistic effects The Parker Solar Probe is a spacecraft designed to study the Sun s corona from inside. It is providing unprecedented detailed information on the density and composition of the Sun s atmosphere as well as the electromagnetic fields, plasma and solar wind. On the other hand, this probe is to achieve record speeds in the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) never obtained before in any previous mission. It is expected that in the last perihelion of 2025 it would move at 0.064 \% of the speed of light with respect to t ... an, Sebasti\; Acedo, L.; Mora\~no, J.~A.; Published by: Advances in Space Research Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1016/j.asr.2022.05.037 Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Orbital models; Tests of general relativity; Post-Newtonian approximation |
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Electron ring velocity space distributions have previously been seen in numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection exhausts and have been suggested to be caused by the magnetization of the electron outflow jet by the compressed reconnected magnetic fields Barbhuiya, Hasan; Cassak, P.~A.; Shay, M.~A.; Roytershteyn, Vadim; Swisdak, M.; Caspi, Amir; Runov, Andrei; Liang, Haoming; Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics) Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1029/2022JA030610 Parker Data Used; magnetic reconnection; magnetotail; hot solar flares; electron ring distributions; dipolarization fronts; Physics - Plasma Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Franci, Luca; Papini, Emanuele; Del Sarto, Daniele; Hellinger, Petr; Burgess, David; Matteini, Lorenzo; Landi, Simone; Montagud-Camps, Victor; Published by: Universe Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3390/universe8090453 |
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The solar wind undergoes significant heating as it propagates away from the Sun; the exact mechanisms responsible for this heating remain unclear. Using data from the first perihelion of the Parker Solar Probe mission, we examine the properties of proton and electron heating occurring within magnetic coherent structures identified by means of the Partial Variance of Increments (PVI) method. Statistically, regions of space with strong gradients in the magnetic field, PVI \ensuremath\geq 1, are associated with strongly enhance ... Sioulas, Nikos; Shi, Chen; Huang, Zesen; Velli, Marco; Published by: \apjl Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac85de Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Solar coronal heating; interplanetary turbulence; Magnetohydrodynamics; 1534; 1989; 830; 1964; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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The solar wind measured in situ by Parker Solar Probe in the very inner heliosphere is studied in combination with the remote-sensing observation of the coronal source region provided by the METIS coronagraph aboard Solar Orbiter. The coronal outflows observed near the ecliptic by Metis on 2021 January 17 at 16:30 UT, between 3.5 and 6.3 R $_\ensuremath\odot$ above the eastern solar limb, can be associated with the streams sampled by PSP at 0.11 and 0.26 au from the Sun, in two time intervals almost 5 days apart. The two pla ... Telloni, Daniele; Zank, Gary; Sorriso-Valvo, Luca; Amicis, Raffaella; Panasenco, Olga; Susino, Roberto; Bruno, Roberto; Perrone, Denise; Adhikari, Laxman; Liang, Haoming; Nakanotani, Masaru; Zhao, Lingling; Hadid, Lina; anchez-Cano, Beatriz; Verscharen, Daniel; Velli, Marco; Grimani, Catia; Marino, Raffaele; Carbone, Francesco; Mancuso, Salvatore; Biondo, Ruggero; Pagano, Paolo; Reale, Fabio; Bale, Stuart; Kasper, Justin; Case, Anthony; de Wit, Thierry; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Korreck, Kelly; Larson, Davin; Livi, Roberto; MacDowall, Robert; Malaspina, David; Pulupa, Marc; Stevens, Michael; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Romoli, Marco; Andretta, Vincenzo; Da Deppo, Vania; Fineschi, Silvano; Heinzel, Petr; Moses, John; Naletto, Giampiero; Nicolini, Gianalfredo; Spadaro, Daniele; Stangalini, Marco; Teriaca, Luca; Capobianco, Gerardo; Capuano, Giuseppe; Casini, Chiara; Casti, Marta; Chioetto, Paolo; Corso, Alain; De Leo, Yara; Fabi, Michele; Frassati, Federica; Frassetto, Fabio; Giordano, Silvio; Guglielmino, Salvo; Jerse, Giovanna; Landini, Federico; Liberatore, Alessandro; Magli, Enrico; Massone, Giuseppe; Messerotti, Mauro; Pancrazzi, Maurizio; Pelizzo, Maria; Romano, Paolo; Sasso, Clementina; Schühle, Udo; Slemer, Alessandra; Straus, Thomas; Uslenghi, Michela; Volpicelli, Cosimo; Zangrilli, Luca; Zuppella, Paola; Abbo, Lucia; Auchère, Fr\; Cuadrado, Regina; Berlicki, Arkadiusz; Ciaravella, Angela; Lamy, Philippe; Lanzafame, Alessandro; Malvezzi, Marco; Nicolosi, Piergiorgio; o, Giuseppe; Peter, Hardi; Solanki, Sami; Strachan, Leonard; Tsinganos, Kanaris; Ventura, Rita; Vial, Jean-Claude; Woch, Joachim; Zimbardo, Gaetano; Published by: \apj Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac8103 Parker Data Used; H II regions; Alfven waves; Space plasmas; interplanetary turbulence; Solar corona; Heliosphere; Solar wind; 694; 23; 1544; 830; 1483; 711; 1534 |
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The first solar encounters by the Parker Solar Probe revealed the magnetic field to be dominated by short field reversals in the radial direction, referred to as switchbacks. While radial velocity and proton temperature were shown to increase inside the switchbacks, \ensuremath\midB\ensuremath\mid exhibits very brief dropouts only at the switchback boundaries. Brief intensifications in spectral density measurements near the electron plasma frequency, f $_pe$, were also observed at these boundaries, indicating the presenc ... Rasca, Anthony; Farrell, William; Whittlesey, Phyllis; MacDowall, Robert; Bale, Stuart; Kasper, Justin; Published by: \apj Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac80c3 Parker Data Used; Solar magnetic fields; Plasma physics; Solar wind; 1503; 2089; 1534 |
