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Found 58 entries in the Bibliography.
Showing entries from 1 through 50
| 2023 |
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Using in situ measurements from the Parker Solar Probe and Wind spacecraft, we investigate the small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SFRs) and their properties inside stream interaction regions (SIRs). Within SIRs from \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde0.15 to 1 au, SFRs are found to exist in a wide range of solar wind speeds with more frequent occurrences after the stream interface, and the Alfv\ enicity of these structures decreases significantly with increasing heliocentric distances. Furthermore, we examine the variation of five ... Chen, Yu; Hu, Qiang; Allen, Robert; Jian, Lan; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2023 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aca894 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Fast solar wind; Astronomy data analysis; Solar magnetic reconnection; 1534; 1872; 1858; 1504 |
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Parker Solar Probe: Four Years of Discoveries at Solar Cycle Minimum Launched on 12 Aug. 2018, NASA s Parker Solar Probe had completed 13 of its scheduled 24 orbits around the Sun by Nov. 2022. The mission s primary science goal is to determine the structure and dynamics of the Sun s coronal magnetic field, understand how the solar corona and wind are heated and accelerated, and determine what processes accelerate energetic particles. Parker Solar Probe returned a treasure trove of science data that far exceeded quality, significance, and quantity expectations, leading to a significant number ... Raouafi, N.~E.; Matteini, L.; Squire, J.; Badman, S.~T.; Velli, M.; Klein, K.~G.; Chen, C.~H.~K.; Matthaeus, W.~H.; Szabo, A.; Linton, M.; Allen, R.~C.; Szalay, J.~R.; Bruno, R.; Decker, R.~B.; Akhavan-Tafti, M.; Agapitov, O.~V.; Bale, S.~D.; Bandyopadhyay, R.; Battams, K.; Ber\vci\vc, L.; Bourouaine, S.; Bowen, T.~A.; Cattell, C.; Chandran, B.~D.~G.; Chhiber, R.; Cohen, C.~M.~S.; Amicis, R.; Giacalone, J.; Hess, P.; Howard, R.~A.; Horbury, T.~S.; Jagarlamudi, V.~K.; Joyce, C.~J.; Kasper, J.~C.; Kinnison, J.; Laker, R.; Liewer, P.; Malaspina, D.~M.; Mann, I.; McComas, D.~J.; Niembro-Hernandez, T.; Nieves-Chinchilla, T.; Panasenco, O.; y, Pokorn\; Pusack, A.; Pulupa, M.; Perez, J.~C.; Riley, P.; Rouillard, A.~P.; Shi, C.; Stenborg, G.; Tenerani, A.; Verniero, J.~L.; Viall, N.; Vourlidas, A.; Wood, B.~E.; Woodham, L.~D.; Woolley, T.; Published by: ßr Published on: feb YEAR: 2023 DOI: 10.1007/s11214-023-00952-4 Parker Data Used; Sun; Corona; Solar wind; plasma; magnetic fields; coronal mass ejections; parker solar probe; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Simulation of the Solar Energetic Particle Event on 2020 May 29 Observed by Parker Solar Probe This paper presents a stochastic three-dimensional focused transport simulation of solar energetic particles (SEPs) produced by a data-driven coronal mass ejection (CME) shock propagating through a data-driven model of coronal and heliospheric magnetic fields. The injection of SEPs at the CME shock is treated using diffusive shock acceleration of post-shock suprathermal solar wind ions. A time-backward stochastic simulation is employed to solve the transport equation to obtain the SEP time-intensity profile at any location, ... Cheng, Lei; Zhang, Ming; Lario, David; Balmaceda, Laura; Kwon, Ryun; Cohen, Christina; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2023 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/acac21 Parker Data Used; Solar energetic particles; Solar particle emission; Solar coronal mass ejection shocks; 1491; 1517; 1997; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Parker Solar Probe Observations of High Plasma \ensuremath\beta Solar Wind from the Streamer Belt In general, slow solar wind from the streamer belt forms a high plasma \ensuremath\beta equatorial plasma sheet around the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) crossing, namely, the heliospheric plasma sheet (HPS). Current Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations show that the HCS crossings near the Sun could be full or partial current sheet (PCS) crossings, and they share some common features but also have different properties. In this work, using the PSP observations from encounters 4-10, we identify streamer belt solar wind from ... Huang, Jia; Kasper, J.~C.; Larson, Davin; McManus, Michael; Whittlesey, P.; Livi, Roberto; Rahmati, Ali; Romeo, Orlando; Klein, K.~G.; Sun, Weijie; van der Holst, Bart; Huang, Zhenguang; Jian, Lan; Szabo, Adam; Verniero, J.~L.; Chen, C.~H.~K.; Lavraud, B.; Liu, Mingzhe; Badman, Samuel; Niembro, Tatiana; Paulson, Kristoff; Stevens, M.; Case, A.~W.; Pulupa, Marc; Bale, Stuart; Halekas, J.~S.; Published by: \apjs Published on: apr YEAR: 2023 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/acbcd2 Parker Data Used; Slow solar wind; interplanetary magnetic fields; Space plasmas; 1873; 824; 1544; Physics - Space Physics |
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At kinetic scales in the solar wind, instabilities transfer energy from particles to fluctuations in the electromagnetic fields while restoring plasma conditions towards thermodynamic equilibrium. We investigate the interplay between background turbulent fluctuations at the small-scale end of the inertial range and kinetic instabilities acting to reduce proton temperature anisotropy. We analyse in situ solar wind observations from the Solar Orbiter mission to develop a measure for variability in the magnetic field direction. ... Opie, Simon; Verscharen, Daniel; Chen, Christopher; Owen, Christopher; Isenberg, Philip; Published by: \aap Published on: apr YEAR: 2023 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202345965 Parker Data Used; instabilities; turbulence; Solar wind; Sun: heliosphere; plasmas; magnetic fields; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
| 2022 |
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We investigate the source eruption, propagation and expansion characteristics, and heliospheric impacts of the 2020 November 29 coronal mass ejection (CME) and associated shock, using remote sensing and in situ observations from multiple spacecraft. A potential-field source-surface model is employed to examine the coronal magnetic fields surrounding the source region. The CME and associated shock are tracked from the early stage to the outer corona using extreme ultraviolet and white light observations. Forward models are ap ... Chen, Chong; Liu, Ying; Zhu, Bei; Published by: \apj Published on: sep YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac7ff6 Parker Data Used; Interplanetary shocks; Solar wind; Solar coronal mass ejections; 829; 1534; 310; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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The S-shaped magnetic structure in the solar wind formed by the twisting of magnetic field lines is called a switchback, whose main characteristics are the reversal of the magnetic field and the significant increase in the solar wind radial velocity. We identify 242 switchbacks during the first two encounters of Parker Solar Probe. Statistics methods are applied to analyze the distribution and the rotation angle and direction of the magnetic field rotation of the switchbacks. The diameter of switchbacks is estimated with a m ... Meng, Ming-Ming; Liu, Ying; Chen, Chong; Wang, Rui; Published by: Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: mar YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1088/1674-4527/ac49e4 Parker Data Used; ISM: magnetic fields; methods: statistical; (Sun:) solar wind; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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The cutoff frequency is an important characteristic parameter of type III radio bursts. Employing the radio data of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) in the encounter phases of its first five orbits, our previous work revealed that the maximum probability distribution of the cutoff frequency f $_ lo $ (\raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde680 kHz) is remarkably higher than that based on Ulysses and WIND (\raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde100 kHz) investigated by Leblanc et al. and Dulk et al. However, the main influencing factor of the disc ... Ma, Bing; Chen, Ling; Wu, Dejin; Pulupa, Marc; Bale, Stuart; Published by: \apjl Published on: jun YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac7525 Parker Data Used; Galaxy dynamics; Interplanetary physics; 591; 827 |
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We report small-scale magnetic flux ropes via the in situ measurements from the Parker Solar Probe during the first six encounters, and present additional analyses to supplement our prior work in Chen et al. These flux ropes are detected by the Grad-Shafranov-based algorithm, with their durations and scale sizes ranging from 10 s to \ensuremath\lesssim1 hr and from a few hundred kilometers to 10$^-3$ au, respectively. They include both static structures and those with significant field-aligned plasma flows. Most structures t ... Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3487 Parker Data Used; 1858; 830; 1504; 1503; 1534; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Double-power-law Feature of Energetic Particles Accelerated at Coronal Shocks Recent observations have shown that in many large solar energetic particle (SEP) events the event-integrated differential spectra resemble double power laws. We perform numerical modeling of particle acceleration at coronal shocks propagating through a streamer-like magnetic field by solving the Parker transport equation, including protons and heavier ions. We find that for all ion species the energy spectra integrated over the simulation domain can be described by a double power law, and the break energy depends on the ion ... Yu, Feiyu; Kong, Xiangliang; Guo, Fan; Liu, Wenlong; Jiang, Zelong; Chen, Yao; Giacalone, Joe; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4cb3 1491; 1517; 1997; 1486; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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We present a 2D kinematic model to study the acceleration of solar energetic particles (SEPs) at a shock driven by a coronal mass ejection. The shock is assumed to be spherical about an origin that is offset from the center of the Sun. This leads to a spatial and temporal evolution of the angle between the magnetic field and the shock-normal direction (\ensuremath\theta $_ Bn $) as it propagates through the Parker spiral magnetic field from the lower corona to 1 au. We find that the high-energy SEP intensity varies significa ... Chen, Xiaohang; Giacalone, Joe; Guo, Fan; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac9f43 Parker Data Used; Solar energetic particles; Solar coronal mass ejection shocks; Interplanetary shocks; 1491; 1997; 829; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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A magnetic flux rope configuration derived by optimization of two-spacecraft In-situ measurements Increasingly one interplanetary coronal mass ejection (ICME) structure can propagate across more than one spacecraft in the solar wind. This usually happens when two or more spacecraft are nearly radially aligned with a relatively small longitudinal separation angle from one another. This provides multi-point measurements of the same structure and enables better characterization and validation of modeling results of the structures embedded in these ICMEs. We report such an event during October 13-14, 2019 when the Solar TErr ... Published by: Frontiers in Physics Published on: aug YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3389/fphy.2022.960315 Parker Data Used; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Using Single-view Observations of Cometary Plasma Tails to Infer Solar Wind Speed A comet plasma tail is a product of the interaction between the solar wind and the comet s coma, and has long been studied as a natural probe of the solar wind condition. We previously developed a method to derive the solar wind speed from dual-view observations of comet plasma tails. Here we improve the method to use single-view observations by assuming a radially propagating solar wind and apply it to two comets, C/2011 W3 (Lovejoy) and C/2012 S1 (ISON) observed by coronagraphs on board the Solar and Heliospheric Observato ... Cheng, Long; Wang, Yuming; Li, Xiaolei; Published by: \apj Published on: apr YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac5410 |
| 2021 |
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Macro magnetic holes (MMHs), which are significant magnetic field decreases in the solar wind lasting tens of minutes, were found during the first four orbits of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). We performed a detailed analysis of the 2020 January 30 event and found the possible cause of the MMH using coordinated remote sensing observations from STEREO A and PSP in situ measurements. The results indicate that an MMH represents a brief encounter with the rippled heliospheric current sheet (HCS). Out of the data from the first fo ... Chen, Chong; Liu, Ying; Hu, Huidong; Published by: \apj Published on: nov YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac1b2b Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Heliosphere; Solar magnetic fields; 1534; 711; 1503 |
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On 2020 November 30, Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was crossed by a coronal mass ejection (CME)-driven shock, which we suggest was also crossing a convected, isolated magnetic structure (MS) at about the same time. By analyzing PSP/FIELDS magnetic field measurements, we find that the leading edge of the MS coincided with the crossing of the shock, while its trailing edge, identified as a crossing of a current sheet, overtook PSP about 7 minutes later. Prior to the arrival of the shock, the flux of 30 keV-3 MeV ions and electrons, ... Giacalone, J.; Burgess, D.; Bale, S.~D.; Desai, M.~I.; Mitchell, J.~G.; Lario, D.; Chen, C.~H.~K.; Christian, E.~R.; De Nolfo, G.~A.; Hill, M.~E.; Matthaeus, W.~H.; McComas, D.~J.; McNutt, R.~L.; Mitchell, D.~G.; Roelof, E.~C.; Schwadron, N.~A.; Getachew, Tibebu; Joyce, C.~J.; Published by: \apj Published on: nov YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac1ce1 Parker Data Used; Solar energetic particles; Interplanetary discontinuities; Interplanetary shocks; 1491; 820; 829 |
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Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes with Field-aligned Flows via the PSP In Situ Observations Magnetic flux rope, formed by the helical magnetic field lines, can sometimes maintain its shape while carrying significant plasma flow that is aligned with the local magnetic field. We report the existence of such structures and static flux ropes by applying the Grad-Shafranov-based algorithm to the Parker Solar Probe in situ measurements in the first five encounters. These structures are detected at heliocentric distances, ranging from 0.13 to 0.66 au, in a 4-month time period. We find that flux ropes with field-aligned fl ... Chen, Yu; Hu, Qiang; Zhao, Lingling; Kasper, Justin; Huang, Jia; Published by: \apj Published on: jun YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abfd30 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Astronomy data analysis; interplanetary turbulence; Solar magnetic reconnection; Solar magnetic fields; 1534; 1858; 830; 1504; 1503; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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The near-Sun streamer belt solar wind: turbulence and solar wind acceleration The fourth orbit of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) reached heliocentric distances down to 27.9 R$_\ensuremath\odot$, allowing solar wind turbulence and acceleration mechanisms to be studied in situ closer to the Sun than previously possible. The turbulence properties were found to be significantly different in the inbound and outbound portions of PSP s fourth solar encounter, which was likely due to the proximity to the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) in the outbound period. Near the HCS, in the streamer belt wind, the turbulence ... Chen, C.; Chandran, B.; Woodham, L.; Jones, S.; Perez, J.; Bourouaine, S.; Bowen, T.; Klein, K.; Moncuquet, M.; Kasper, J.; Bale, S.; Published by: Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: jun YEAR: 2021 DOI: "10.1051/0004-6361/202039872" |
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An Interplanetary Type IIIb Radio Burst Observed by Parker Solar Probe and Its Emission Mechanism Type IIIb radio bursts were identified as a chain of quasi-periodic striae in dynamic spectra, drifting from high to low frequencies in a manner similar to type III bursts, which fine structures may provide a clue to a better understanding of emission mechanisms. The approaching observation of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft provides a new chance of probing type IIIb bursts in the vicinity of the Sun. In this Letter, combining the in situ measurement of PSP and the empirical model of solar atmospheres in open magneti ... Chen, Ling; Ma, Bing; Wu, Dejin; Zhao, Guoqing; Tang, Jianfei; Bale, Stuart; Published by: \apjl Published on: jul YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac0b43 Parker Data Used; Solar radio emission; Interplanetary physics; 1522; 827 |
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Anisotropy of Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere at Kinetic Scales: PSP Observations The anisotropy of solar wind turbulence is a critical issue in understanding the physics of energy transfer between scales and energy conversion between fields and particles in the heliosphere. Using the measurement of Parker Solar Probe (PSP), we present an observation of the anisotropy at kinetic scales in the slow, Alfv\ enic, solar wind in the inner heliosphere. The magnetic compressibility behaves as expected for kinetic Alfv\ enic turbulence below the ion scale. A steepened transition range is found between the inertia ... Duan, Die; He, Jiansen; Bowen, Trevor; Woodham, Lloyd; Wang, Tieyan; Chen, Christopher; Mallet, Alfred; Bale, Stuart; Published by: \apjl Published on: jul YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac07ac Parker Data Used; Solar wind; interplanetary turbulence; Alfven waves; 1534; 830; 23; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Parker Solar Probe Enters the Magnetically Dominated Solar Corona The high temperatures and strong magnetic fields of the solar corona form streams of solar wind that expand through the Solar System into interstellar space. At 09:33 UT on 28 April 2021 Parker Solar Probe entered the magnetized atmosphere of the Sun 13 million km above the photosphere, crossing below the Alfv\ en critical surface for five hours into plasma in casual contact with the Sun with an Alfv\ en Mach number of 0.79 and magnetic pressure dominating both ion and electron pressure. The spectrum of turbulence below the ... Kasper, J.~C.; Klein, K.~G.; Lichko, E.; Huang, Jia; Chen, C.~H.~K.; Badman, S.~T.; Bonnell, J.; Whittlesey, P.~L.; Livi, R.; Larson, D.; Pulupa, M.; Rahmati, A.; Stansby, D.; Korreck, K.~E.; Stevens, M.; Case, A.~W.; Bale, S.~D.; Maksimovic, M.; Moncuquet, M.; Goetz, K.; Halekas, J.~S.; Malaspina, D.; Raouafi, Nour; Szabo, A.; MacDowall, R.; Velli, Marco; de Wit, Thierry; Zank, G.~P.; Published by: \prl Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.255101 |
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Applicability of Taylor s hypothesis during Parker Solar Probe perihelia We investigate the validity of Taylor s hypothesis (TH) in the analysis of velocity and magnetic field fluctuations in Alfvénic solar wind streams measured by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during the first four encounters. The analysis is based on a recent model of the spacetime correlation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, which has been validated in high-resolution numerical simulations of strong reduced MHD turbulence. We use PSP velocity and magnetic field measurements from 24 h intervals selected from each of the fir ... Perez, Jean; Bourouaine, Sofiane; Chen, Christopher; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: 06/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039879 Solar wind; Sun: heliosphere; turbulence; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); plasmas; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Parker Data Used |
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Detection of small magnetic flux ropes from the third and fourth Parker Solar Probe encounters Context. Zhao, L.; Zank, G.; Hu, Q.; Telloni, D.; Chen, Y.; Adhikari, L.; Nakanotani, M.; Kasper, J.; Huang, J.; Bale, S.; Korreck, K.; Case, A.; Stevens, M.; Bonnell, J.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Harvey, P.; MacDowall, R.; Malaspina, D.; Pulupa, M.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; Whittlesey, P.; Klein, K.; Raouafi, N.; Published by: Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: 06/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039298 Solar wind; Sun: magnetic fields; turbulence; methods: observational; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics; Parker Data Used |
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The low frequency cutoffs flo and the observed plasma frequency fp of 176 type III radio bursts are investigated in this paper. These events are observed by the Parker Solar Probe when it is in the encounter phase from the first to the fifth orbit. The result shows that the distribution of cutoffs flo is widely spread between 200 kHz and 1.6 MHz. While the plasma frequency fp at the spacecraft is between 50 and 250 kHz, which is almost all smaller than flo. The result al ... Ma, Bing; Chen, Ling; Wu, Dejin; Bale, Stuart; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 05/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abfb77 Interplanetary physics; Solar radio emission; 827; 1522; Parker Data Used |
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The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) routinely observes magnetic field deflections in the solar wind at distances less than 0.3 au from the Sun. These deflections are related to structures commonly called "switchbacks" (SBs), whose origins and characteristic properties are currently debated. Here, we use a database of visually selected SB intervals—and regions of solar wind plasma measured just before and after each SB—to examine plasma parameters, turbulent spectra from inertial to dissipation scales, and intermittency ... Martinovic, Mihailo; Klein, Kristopher; Huang, Jia; Chandran, Benjamin; Kasper, Justin; Lichko, Emily; Bowen, Trevor; Chen, Christopher; Matteini, Lorenzo; Stevens, Michael; Case, Anthony; Bale, Stuart; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 05/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abebe5 Parker Data Used; Space plasmas; interplanetary turbulence; Solar wind; 1544; 830; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Electron Acceleration during Macroscale Magnetic Reconnection The first self-consistent simulations of electron acceleration during magnetic reconnection in a macroscale system are presented. Consistent with solar flare observations, the spectra of energetic electrons take the form of power laws that extend more than two decades in energy. The drive mechanism for these nonthermal electrons is Fermi reflection in growing and merging magnetic flux ropes. A strong guide field suppresses the production of nonthermal electrons by weakening the Fermi drive mechanism. For a weak guide field t ... Arnold, H.; Drake, J.; Swisdak, M.; Guo, F.; Dahlin, J.; Chen, B.; Fleishman, G.; Glesener, L.; Kontar, E.; Phan, T.; Shen, C.; Published by: Physical Review Letters Published on: 04/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.126.135101 Parker Data Used; Physics - Plasma Physics; Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena |
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Liu, Ying; Chen, Chong; Stevens, Michael; Liu, Mingzhe; Published by: \apjl Published on: 02/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abe38e Fundamental parameters of stars; Solar rotation; Solar wind; 555; 1524; 1534 |
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Shi, Chen; Zhao, Jinsong; Huang, Jia; Wang, Tieyan; Wu, Dejin; Chen, Yu; Hu, Qiang; Kasper, Justin; Bale, Stuart; Published by: \apjl Published on: 02/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abdd28 |
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Harmonic Radio Emission in Randomly Inhomogeneous Plasma In the present paper, we describe a theoretical model of the generation of harmonic emissions of type III solar radio bursts. The goal of our study is to fully take into account the most efficient physical processes involved in the generation of harmonic electromagnetic emission via nonlinear coupling of Langmuir waves in randomly inhomogeneous plasma of solar wind ( $l+l^\prime \to t$ ). We revisit the conventional mechanism of coalescence of primarily generated and back-scattered Langmuir waves in quasihomogeneous plasma. ... Tkachenko, Anna; Krasnoselskikh, Vladimir; Voshchepynets, Andrii; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 02/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abd2bd Parker Data Used; Solar wind; interplanetary turbulence; Solar Coronal Waves; 1534; 830; 1995; Physics - Plasma Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Kinetic-Scale Turbulence in the Venusian Magnetosheath Bowen, T.~A.; Bale, S.~D.; Bandyopadhyay, R.; Bonnell, J.~W.; Case, A.; Chasapis, A.; Chen, C.~H.~K.; Curry, S.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Goodrich, K.; Gruesbeck, J.; Halekas, J.; Harvey, P.~R.; Howes, G.~G.; Kasper, J.~C.; Korreck, K.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; MacDowall, R.~J.; Malaspina, D.~M.; Mallet, A.; McManus, M.~D.; Page, B.; Pulupa, M.; Raouafi, N.; Stevens, M.~L.; Whittlesey, P.; Published by: \grl Published on: 01/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1029/2020GL090783 |
| 2020 |
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Turbulence Characteristics of Switchback and Nonswitchback Intervals Observed by Parker Solar Probe We use Parker Solar Probe (PSP) in situ measurements to analyze the characteristics of solar wind turbulence during the first solar encounter covering radial distances between 35.7R and 41.7R. In our analysis we isolate so-called switchback (SB) intervals (folded magnetic field lines) from nonswitchback (NSB) intervals, which mainly follow the Parker spiral field. Using a technique based on conditioned correlation functions, we estimate the power spectra of Elsasser, magnetic, and bulk velocity fields separately in the SB an ... Bourouaine, Sofiane; Perez, Jean; Klein, Kristopher; Chen, Christopher; Martinovic, Mihailo; Bale, Stuart; Kasper, Justin; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS Published on: 12/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abbd4a |
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Radio Signature of a Distant behind-the-limb CME on 2017 September 6 We discuss properties of a Type IV burst, which was observed on 2017 September 6, as a result of the powerful flare X 9.3. At decameter wavelengths this burst was observed by the radio telescopes STEREO A, URAN-2, and the Nancay Decameter Array at frequencies 5-35 MHz. This moving Type IV burst was associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME) propagating in the southwest direction with a speed of 1570 km s(-1). The maximum radio flux of this burst was about 300 s.f.u. and the polarization was more than 40\%. In the frequenc ... Melnik, V.; Rucker, H.; Brazhenko, I.; Panchenko, M.; Konovalenko, A.; , Frantsuzenko; Dorovskyy, V.; , Shevchuk; Published by: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL Published on: 12/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abbfb3 |
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Constraining Ion-Scale Heating and Spectral Energy Transfer in Observations of Plasma Turbulence We perform a statistical study of the turbulent power spectrum at inertial and kinetic scales observed during the first perihelion encounter of the Parker Solar Probe. We find that often there is an extremely steep scaling range of the power spectrum just above the ion-kinetic scales, similar to prior observations at 1 A.U., with a power-law index of around -4 . Based on our measurements, we demonstrate that either a significant (\>50 \%) fraction of the total turbulent energy flux is dissipated in this range of scales ... Bowen, Trevor; Mallet, Alfred; Bale, Stuart; Bonnell, J.; Case, Anthony; Chandran, Benjamin; Chasapis, Alexandros; Chen, Christopher; Duan, Die; de Wit, Thierry; Goetz, Keith; Halekas, Jasper; Harvey, Peter; Kasper, J.; Korreck, Kelly; Larson, Davin; Livi, Roberto; MacDowall, Robert; Malaspina, David; McManus, Michael; Pulupa, Marc; Stevens, Michael; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Published by: Physical Review Letters Published on: 07/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.025102 Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Using Stereoscopic Observations of Cometary Plasma Tails to Infer Solar Wind Speed Detection of the solar wind speed near the Sun is significant in understanding the heating and acceleration of the solar wind. Cometary plasma tails have long been used as natural probes for solar wind speed; previous solar wind speed estimates via plasma tails, however, were based on comet images from a single viewpoint, and the projection effect may influence the result. Using stereoscopic observations from the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory and the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, we three-dimensionally rec ... Cheng, Long; Zhang, Quanhao; Wang, Yuming; Li, Xiaolei; Liu, Rui; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 07/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab93b6 |
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Effects of Radial Distances on Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the Solar Wind Small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SFRs) in the solar wind have been studied for decades. Statistical analysis utilizing various in situ spacecraft measurements is the main observational approach to investigating the generation and evolution of these small-scale structures. Based on the Grad-Shafranov reconstruction technique, we use the automated detection algorithm to build the databases of these small-scale structures via various spacecraft measurements at different heliocentric distances. We present the SFR properties, ... Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 05/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab8294 Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; parker solar probe; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Electron Energy Partition across Interplanetary Shocks. III. Analysis Wilson, Lynn; Chen, Li-Jen; Wang, Shan; Schwartz, Steven; Turner, Drew; Stevens, Michael; Kasper, Justin; Osmane, Adnane; Caprioli, Damiano; Bale, Stuart; Pulupa, Marc; Salem, Chadi; Goodrich, Katherine; Published by: \apj Published on: 04/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab7d39 Parker Data Used; 1534; 829; 310; 1997; 1544; 1261; 2089; 826; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Cross Helicity Reversals in Magnetic Switchbacks We consider 2D joint distributions of normalized residual energy, σr(s, t), and cross helicity, σc(s, t), during one day of Parker Solar Probe\textquoterights (PSP\textquoterights) first encounter as a function of wavelet scale s. The broad features of the distributions are similar to previous observations made by Helios in slow solar wind, namely well-correlated and fairly Alfv\ enic wind, except for a population with negative cross helicity that is seen at shorter wavelet scales. We show that thi ... McManus, Michael; Bowen, Trevor; Mallet, Alfred; Chen, Christopher; Chandran, Benjamin; Bale, Stuart; Larson, Davin; de Wit, Thierry; Kasper, J.; Stevens, Michael; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Livi, Roberto; Korreck, Kelly; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Pulupa, Marc; MacDowall, Robert; Malaspina, David; Case, Anthony; Bonnell, J.; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab6dce Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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The Enhancement of Proton Stochastic Heating in the Near-Sun Solar Wind Stochastic heating (SH) is a nonlinear heating mechanism driven by the violation of magnetic moment invariance due to large-amplitude turbulent fluctuations producing diffusion of ions toward higher kinetic energies in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic field. It is frequently invoked as a mechanism responsible for the heating of ions in the solar wind. Here, we quantify for the first time the proton SH rate Q⊥ at radial distances from the Sun as close as 0.16 au, using measurements from the first tw ... Martinovic, Mihailo; Klein, Kristopher; Kasper, Justin; Case, Anthony; Korreck, Kelly; Larson, Davin; Livi, Roberto; Stevens, Michael; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Chandran, Benjamin; Alterman, Ben; Huang, Jia; Chen, Christopher; Bale, Stuart; Pulupa, Marc; Malaspina, David; Bonnell, John; Harvey, Peter; Goetz, Keith; de Wit, Thierry; MacDowall, Robert; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab527f Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Plasma Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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The Evolution and Role of Solar Wind Turbulence in the Inner Heliosphere The first two orbits of the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft have enabled the first in situ measurements of the solar wind down to a heliocentric distance of 0.17 au (or 36 R\ ⊙\ \ R⊙ ). Here, we present an analysis of this data to study solar wind turbulence at 0.17 au and its evolution out to 1 au. While many features remain similar, key differences at 0.17 au include increased turbulence energy levels by more than an order of magnitude, a magnetic field spectral index of -3/2 matching that of t ... Chen, C.; Bale, S.; Bonnell, J.; Borovikov, D.; Bowen, T.; Burgess, D.; Case, A.; Chandran, B.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Harvey, P.; Kasper, J.; Klein, K.; Korreck, K.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; MacDowall, R.; Malaspina, D.; Mallet, A.; McManus, M.; Moncuquet, M.; Pulupa, M.; Stevens, M.; Whittlesey, P.; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab60a3 Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Ion-scale Electromagnetic Waves in the Inner Heliosphere Understanding the physical processes in the solar wind and corona that actively contribute to heating, acceleration, and dissipation is a primary objective of NASA\textquoterights Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission. Observations of circularly polarized electromagnetic waves at ion scales suggest that cyclotron resonance and wave-particle interactions are dynamically relevant in the inner heliosphere. A wavelet-based statistical study of circularly polarized events in the first perihelion encounter of PSP demonstrates that t ... Bowen, Trevor; Mallet, Alfred; Huang, Jia; Klein, Kristopher; Malaspina, David; Stevens, Michael; Bale, Stuart; Bonnell, J.; Case, Anthony; Chandran, Benjamin; Chaston, C.; Chen, Christopher; de Wit, Thierry; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Howes, Gregory; Kasper, J.; Korreck, Kelly; Larson, Davin; Livi, Roberto; MacDowall, Robert; McManus, Michael; Pulupa, Marc; Verniero, J.; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab6c65 Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Kinetic-scale Spectral Features of Cross Helicity and Residual Energy in the Inner Heliosphere In this work, we present the first results from the flux angle (FA) operation mode of the Faraday Cup instrument on board the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). The FA mode allows rapid measurements of phase space density fluctuations close to the peak of the proton velocity distribution function with a cadence of 293 Hz. This approach provides an invaluable tool for understanding kinetic-scale turbulence in the solar wind and solar corona. We describe a technique to convert the phase space density fluctuations into vector velocit ... Vech, Daniel; Kasper, Justin; Klein, Kristopher; Huang, Jia; Stevens, Michael; Chen, Christopher; Case, Anthony; Korreck, Kelly; Bale, Stuart; Bowen, Trevor; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Livi, Roberto; Larson, Davin; Malaspina, David; Pulupa, Marc; Bonnell, John; Harvey, Peter; Goetz, Keith; de Wit, Thierry; MacDowall, Robert; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab60a2 Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Magnetic field fluctuations in the solar wind are commonly observed to follow a power-law spectrum. Near proton-kinetic scales, a spectral break occurs that is commonly interpreted as a transition to kinetic turbulence. However, this transition is not yet entirely understood. By studying the scaling of the break with various plasma properties, it may be possible to constrain the processes leading to the onset of kinetic turbulence. Using data from the Parker Solar Probe, we measure the proton-scale break over a range of h ... Duan, Die; Bowen, Trevor; Chen, Christopher; Mallet, Alfred; He, Jiansen; Bale, Stuart; Vech, Daniel; Kasper, J.; Pulupa, Marc; Bonnell, John; Case, Anthony; de Wit, Thierry; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Korreck, Kelly; Larson, Davin; Livi, Roberto; MacDowall, Robert; Malaspina, David; Stevens, Michael; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab672d Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Solar Energetic Particles Produced by a Slow Coronal Mass Ejection at \~0.25 au We present an analysis of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) IS☉IS observations of ̃30-300 keV n-1 ions on 2018 November 11 when PSP was about 0.25 au from the Sun. Five hours before the onset of a solar energetic particle (SEP) event, a coronal mass ejection (CME) was observed by STEREO-A/COR2, which crossed PSP about a day later. No shock was observed locally at PSP, but the CME may have driven a weak shock earlier. The SEP event was dispersive, with higher energy ions arriving before the lower energy ones. Timing s ... Giacalone, J.; Mitchell, D.; Allen, R.; Hill, M.; McNutt, R.; Szalay, J.; Desai, M.; Rouillard, A.; Kouloumvakos, A.; McComas, D.; Christian, E.; Schwadron, N.; Wiedenbeck, M.; Bale, S.; Brown, L.; Case, A.; Chen, X.; Cohen, C.; Joyce, C.; Kasper, J.; Klein, K.; Korreck, K.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; Leske, R.; MacDowall, R.; Matthaeus, W.; Mewaldt, R.; Nieves-Chinchilla, T.; Pulupa, M.; Roelof, E.; Stevens, M.; Szabo, A.; Whittlesey, P.; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab5221 |
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The Solar Probe ANalyzers\textemdashElectrons on the Parker Solar Probe Electrostatic analyzers of different designs have been used since the earliest days of the space age, beginning with the very earliest solar-wind measurements made by Mariner 2 en route to Venus in 1962. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) mission, NASA\textquoterights first dedicated mission to study the innermost reaches of the heliosphere, makes its thermal plasma measurements using a suite of instruments called the Solar Wind Electrons, Alphas, and Protons (SWEAP) investigation. SWEAP\textquoterights electron PSP Analyzer (S ... Whittlesey, Phyllis; Larson, Davin; Kasper, Justin; Halekas, Jasper; Abatcha, Mamuda; Abiad, Robert; Berthomier, M.; Case, A.; Chen, Jianxin; Curtis, David; Dalton, Gregory; Klein, Kristopher; Korreck, Kelly; Livi, Roberto; Ludlam, Michael; Marckwordt, Mario; Rahmati, Ali; Robinson, Miles; Slagle, Amanda; Stevens, M.; Tiu, Chris; Verniero, J.; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab7370 Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Space Physics; Solar coronal heating; Solar instruments; Solar Probe Plus; Solar wind; Space plasmas |
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Switchbacks in the Near-Sun Magnetic Field: Long Memory and Impact on the Turbulence Cascade One of the most striking observations made by Parker Solar Probe during its first solar encounter is the omnipresence of rapid polarity reversals in a magnetic field that is otherwise mostly radial. These so-called switchbacks strongly affect the dynamics of the magnetic field. We concentrate here on their macroscopic properties. First, we find that these structures are self-similar, and have neither a characteristic magnitude, nor a characteristic duration. Their waiting time statistics show evidence of aggregation. The ... de Wit, Thierry; Krasnoselskikh, Vladimir; Bale, Stuart; Bonnell, John; Bowen, Trevor; Chen, Christopher; Froment, Clara; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Jagarlamudi, Vamsee; Larosa, Andrea; MacDowall, Robert; Malaspina, David; Matthaeus, William; Pulupa, Marc; Velli, Marco; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 02/2020 YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab5853 Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Parker Data Used; parker solar probe; Physics - Space Physics; Solar Probe Plus |
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Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes in the First Two Parker Solar Probe Encounters Small-scale magnetic flux ropes (SFRs) are a type of structure in the solar wind that possess helical magnetic field lines. In a recent report we presented the radial variations of the properties of SFRs from 0.29 to 8 au using in situ measurements from the Helios, Advanced Composition Explorer/WIND (ACE/Wind), Ulysses, and Voyager spacecrafts. With the launch of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP), we extend our previous investigation further into the inner heliosphere. We apply a Grad–Shafranov-based algorithm to identify SFRs ... Chen, Yu; Hu, Qiang; Zhao, Lingling; Kasper, Justin; Bale, Stuart; Korreck, Kelly; Case, Anthony; Stevens, Michael; Bonnell, John; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Klein, Kristopher; Larson, Davin; Livi, Roberto; MacDowall, Robert; Malaspina, David; Pulupa, Marc; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: YEAR: 2020 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abb820 Solar wind; interplanetary turbulence; Magnetohydrodynamics; Astronomy data analysis; Astronomy databases; Parker Data Used |
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Electron Energy Partition across Interplanetary Shocks. II. Statistics A statistical analysis of 15,210 electron velocity distribution function (VDF) fits, observed within \textpm2 hr of 52 interplanetary (IP) shocks by the Wind spacecraft near 1 au, is presented. This is the second in a three-part series on electron VDFs near IP shocks. The electron velocity moment statistics for the dense, low-energy core, tenuous, hot halo, and field-aligned beam/strahl are a statistically significant list of values illustrated with both histograms and tabular lists for reference and baselines in future w ... Wilson, Lynn; Chen, Li-Jen; Wang, Shan; Schwartz, Steven; Turner, Drew; Stevens, Michael; Kasper, Justin; Osmane, Adnane; Caprioli, Damiano; Bale, Stuart; Pulupa, Marc; Salem, Chadi; Goodrich, Katherine; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series Published on: 12/2019 YEAR: 2019 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab5445 Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Interplanetary particle acceleration; Interplanetary shocks; parker solar probe; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Plasma astrophysics; Plasma physics; Solar coronal mass ejection shocks; Solar coronal mass ejections; Solar Probe Plus; Solar wind; Space plasmas |
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Highly structured slow solar wind emerging from an equatorial coronal hole During the solar minimum, when the Sun is at its least active, the solar wind is observed at high latitudes as a predominantly fast (more than 500 kilometres per second), highly Alfv\ enic rarefied stream of plasma originating from deep within coronal holes. Closer to the ecliptic plane, the solar wind is interspersed with a more variable slow wind of less than 500 kilometres per second. The precise origins of the slow wind streams are less certain; theories and observations suggest that they may originate at the tips of ... Bale, S.; Badman, S.; Bonnell, J.; Bowen, T.; Burgess, D.; Case, A.; Cattell, C.; Chandran, B.; Chaston, C.; Chen, C.; Drake, J.; de Wit, Dudok; Eastwood, J.; Ergun, R.; Farrell, W.; Fong, C.; Goetz, K.; Goldstein, M.; Goodrich, K.; Harvey, P.; Horbury, T.; Howes, G.; Kasper, J.; Kellogg, P.; Klimchuk, J.; Korreck, K.; Krasnoselskikh, V.; Krucker, S.; Laker, R.; Larson, D.; MacDowall, R.; Maksimovic, M.; Malaspina, D.; Martinez-Oliveros, J.; McComas, D.; Meyer-Vernet, N.; Moncuquet, M.; Mozer, F.; Phan, T.; Pulupa, M.; Raouafi, N.; Salem, C.; Stansby, D.; Stevens, M.; Szabo, A.; Velli, M.; Woolley, T.; Wygant, J.; Published by: Nature Published on: 12/2019 YEAR: 2019 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1818-7 |
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Role of magnetic field curvature in magnetohydrodynamic turbulence Yang, Yan; Wan, Minping; Matthaeus, William; Shi, Yipeng; Parashar, Tulasi; Lu, Quanming; Chen, Shiyi; Published by: Physics of Plasmas Published on: 08/2019 YEAR: 2019 DOI: 10.1063/1.5099360 Parker Data Used; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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Electron Energy Partition across Interplanetary Shocks. I. Methodology and Data Product Wilson, Lynn; Chen, Li-Jen; Wang, Shan; Schwartz, Steven; Turner, Drew; Stevens, Michael; Kasper, Justin; Osmane, Adnane; Caprioli, Damiano; Bale, Stuart; Pulupa, Marc; Salem, Chadi; Goodrich, Katherine; Published by: \apjs Published on: 07/2019 YEAR: 2019 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/ab22bd Parker Data Used; methods: numerical; methods: statistical; plasmas; shock waves; Solar wind; Sun: coronal mass ejections: CMEs; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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The Fluid-like and Kinetic Behavior of Kinetic Alfv\ en Turbulence in Space Plasma Kinetic Alfv\ en waves (KAWs) are the short-wavelength extension of the magnetohydrodynamics Alfv\ en-wave branch in the case of highly oblique propagation with respect to the background magnetic field. Observations of space plasma show that small-scale turbulence is mainly KAW-like. We apply two theoretical approaches, a collisional two-fluid theory and a collisionless linear kinetic theory, to obtain predictions for the KAW polarizations depending on\ β\ p\ (the ratio of the proton th ... Wu, Honghong; Verscharen, Daniel; Wicks, Robert; Chen, Christopher; He, Jiansen; Nicolaou, Georgios; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 01/2019 YEAR: 2019 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/aaef77 magnetohydrodynamics: MHD; plasmas; solar-terrestrial relations; turbulence; waves; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics |
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