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Found 100 entries in the Bibliography.
Showing entries from 1 through 50
| 2022 |
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The incompressible energy cascade rate in anisotropic solar wind turbulence Context. The presence of a magnetic guide field induces several types of anisotropy in solar wind turbulence. The energy cascade rate between scales in the inertial range depends strongly on the direction of this magnetic guide field, splitting the energy cascade according to the parallel and perpendicular directions with respect to magnetic guide field. \ Aims: Using more than two years of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observations, the isotropy and anisotropy energy cascade rates are investigated. The variance and normalized fl ... es, Andr\; Sahraoui, F.; Huang, S.; Hadid, L.~Z.; Galtier, S.; Published by: \aap Published on: may YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202142994 Parker Data Used; turbulence; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); plasmas; Physics - Plasma Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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We report observations of reconnection exhausts in the Heliospheric Current Sheet (HCS) during Parker Solar Probe Encounters 08 and 07, at 16 R$_s$ and 20 R$_s$, respectively. Heliospheric current sheet (HCS) reconnection accelerated protons to almost twice the solar wind speed and increased the proton core energy by a factor of \ensuremath\sim3, due to the Alfv\ en speed being comparable to the solar wind flow speed at these near-Sun distances. Furthermore, protons were energized to super-thermal energies. During E08, energ ... Phan, T.~D.; Verniero, J.~L.; Larson, D.; Lavraud, B.; Drake, J.~F.; Oieroset, M.; Eastwood, J.~P.; Bale, S.~D.; Livi, R.; Halekas, J.~S.; Whittlesey, P.~L.; Rahmati, A.; Stansby, D.; Pulupa, M.; MacDowall, R.~J.; Szabo, P.~A.; Koval, A.; Desai, M.; Fuselier, S.~A.; Velli, M.; Hesse, M.; Pyakurel, P.~S.; Maheshwari, K.; Kasper, J.~C.; Stevens, J.~M.; Case, A.~W.; Raouafi, N.~E.; Published by: \grl Published on: may YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1029/2021GL096986 Parker Data Used; magnetic reconnection; Particle acceleration; Solar wind; parker solar probe; heliospheric current sheet |
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A canonical description of a corotating solar wind high-speed stream in terms of velocity profile would indicate three main regions: a stream interface or corotating interaction region characterized by a rapid increase in flow speed and by compressive phenomena that are due to dynamical interaction between the fast wind flow and the slower ambient plasma; a fast wind plateau characterized by weak compressive phenomena and large-amplitude fluctuations with a dominant Alfv\ enic character; and a rarefaction region characterize ... Carnevale, G.; Bruno, R.; Marino, R.; Pietropaolo, E.; Raines, J.~M.; Published by: \aap Published on: may YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202040006 turbulence; Sun: magnetic fields; Solar wind; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: corona; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Categorizing MHD Discontinuities in the Inner Heliosphere by Utilizing the PSP Mission The interplanetary discontinuities (IDs) have been widely observed in astrophysical and space plasmas, while their characteristics and evolutions within 0.3 AU are still unclear due to the limitation of spacecraft orbits in previous missions. Here, we report three ID events, including a rotational discontinuity (RD), a tangential discontinuity (TD), and a suspected contact discontinuity (CD), detected by the Parker Solar Probe in a previously unexplored region of the heliosphere as close to the Sun as 0.13 AU. By the combina ... Liu, Y.~Y.; Fu, H.~S.; Cao, J.~B.; Yu, Y.; Liu, C.~M.; Wang, Z.; Guo, Z.~Z.; He, R.~J.; Published by: Journal of Geophysical Research (Space Physics) Published on: mar YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1029/2021JA029983 |
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We propose a transport theory for the kinetic evolution of solar-wind electrons in the heliosphere. We derive a gyro-averaged kinetic transport equation that accounts for the spherical expansion of the solar wind and the geometry of the Parker spiral magnetic field. To solve our three-dimensional kinetic equation, we develop a mathematical approach that combines the Crank-Nicolson scheme in velocity space and a finite-difference Euler scheme in configuration space. We initialize our model with isotropic electron distribution ... Jeong, Seong-Yeop; Verscharen, Daniel; Vocks, Christian; Abraham, Joel; Owen, Christopher; Wicks, Robert; Fazakerley, Andrew; Stansby, David; Ber\vci\vc, Laura; Nicolaou, Georgios; Rueda, Jeffersson; Bakrania, Mayur; Published by: \apj Published on: mar YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4805 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Space plasmas; Heliosphere; Theoretical models; 1534; 1544; 711; 2107; Physics - Space Physics |
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The solar wind is a highly turbulent plasma for which the mean rate of energy transfer ɛ has been measured for a long time using the Politano-Pouquet (PP98) exact law. However, this law assumes statistical homogeneity that can be violated by the presence of discontinuities. Here, we introduce a new method based on the inertial dissipation $ D _I^{\sigma }$ whose analytical form is derived from incompressible magnetohydrodynamics; it can be considered as a weak and local (in space) formulation of the PP98 law whose expressio ... David, V.; Galtier, S.; Sahraoui, F.; Hadid, L.~Z.; Published by: \apj Published on: mar YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac524b Parker Data Used; interplanetary turbulence; Space plasmas; Solar wind; 830; 1544; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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In this Letter, we report observations of magnetic switchback (SB) features near 1 au using data from the Wind spacecraft. These features appear to be strikingly similar to the ones observed by the Parker Solar Probe mission closer to the Sun: namely, one- sided spikes (or enhancements) in the solar-wind bulk speed V that correlate/anticorrelate with the spikes seen in the radial- field component B $_ R $. In the solar-wind streams that we analyzed, these specific SB features near 1 au are associated with large-amplitude Alf ... Bourouaine, Sofiane; Perez, Jean; Raouafi, Nour; Chandran, Benjamin; Bale, Stuart; Velli, Marco; Published by: \apjl Published on: jun YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac67d9 Parker Data Used; Heliosphere; Solar wind; 711; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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We develop and apply a bespoke fitting routine to a large volume of solar wind electron distribution data measured by Parker Solar Probe over its first five orbits, covering radial distances from 0.13 to 0.5 au. We characterize the radial evolution of the electron core, halo, and strahl populations in the slow solar wind during these orbits. The fractional densities of these three electron populations provide evidence for the growth of the combined suprathermal halo and strahl populations from 0.13 to 0.17 au. Moreover, the ... Abraham, Joel; Owen, Christopher; Verscharen, Daniel; Bakrania, Mayur; Stansby, David; Wicks, Robert; Nicolaou, Georgios; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Rueda, Jeffersson; Jeong, Seong-Yeop; Ber\vci\vc, Laura; Published by: \apj Published on: jun YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac6605 Parker Data Used; The Sun; Heliosphere; Plasma physics; Solar wind; 1693; 711; 2089; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Quasi-periodic Energy Release and Jets at the Base of Solar Coronal Plumes Coronal plumes are long, ray-like, open structures that have been considered as possible sources of the solar wind. Their origin in the largely unipolar coronal holes has long been a mystery. Earlier spectroscopic and imaging observations revealed blueshifted plasma and propagating disturbances (PDs) in plumes that are widely interpreted in terms of flows and/or propagating slow-mode waves, but these interpretations (flows versus waves) remain under debate. Recently we discovered an important clue about plume internal struct ... Kumar, Pankaj; Karpen, Judith; Uritsky, Vadim; Deforest, Craig; Raouafi, Nour; DeVore, Richard; Published by: \apj Published on: jul YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac6c24 Parker Data Used; Jets; Solar magnetic reconnection; Solar wind; Solar coronal plumes; 870; 1504; 1534; 2039; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Inertial-range Magnetic-fluctuation Anisotropy Observed from Parker Solar Probe s First Seven Orbits Solar wind turbulence is anisotropic with respect to the mean magnetic field. Anisotropy leads to ambiguity when interpreting in situ turbulence observations in the solar wind because an apparent change in the measurements could be due to either the change of intrinsic turbulence properties or to a simple change of the spacecraft sampling direction. We demonstrate the ambiguity using the spectral index and magnetic compressibility in the inertial range observed by the Parker Solar Probe during its first seven orbits ranging ... Zhao, L.; Zank, G.~P.; Adhikari, L.; Nakanotani, M.; Published by: \apjl Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4415 Parker Data Used; 1534; 830; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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We propose a model for interpreting highly variable ion composition ratios in solar energetic particle (SEP) events recently observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) at 0.3-0.45 au. We use numerical simulations to calculate SEP propagation in a turbulent interplanetary magnetic field with a Kolmogorov power spectrum from large scales down to the gyration scale of energetic particles. We show that when the source regions of different species are offset by a distance comparable to the size of the source regions, the observed e ... Guo, Fan; Zhao, Lulu; Cohen, Christina; Giacalone, Joe; Leske, R.~A.; Wiedenbeck, M.~E.; Kahler, S.~W.; Li, Xiaocan; Zhang, Qile; Ho, George; Desai, Mihir; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3233 Parker Data Used; 1491; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Based on the Parker Solar Probe mission, this paper presents the observations of two correlations in solar wind turbulence near the Sun for the first time, demonstrating the clear existence of the following two correlations. One is positive correlation between the proton temperature and turbulent magnetic energy density. The other is negative correlation between the spectral index and magnetic helicity. It is found that the former correlation has a maximum correlation coefficient (CC) at the wavenumber k \ensuremath\rho $_ p ... Zhao, G.~Q.; Lin, Y.; Wang, X.~Y.; Feng, H.~Q.; Wu, D.~J.; Kasper, J.~C.; Published by: \apj Published on: jan YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac3747 |
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Parker Solar Probe Imaging of the Night Side of Venus We present images of Venus from the Wide-Field Imager for Parker Solar Probe (WISPR) telescope on board the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft, obtained during PSP s third and fourth flybys of Venus on 2020 July 11 and 2021 February 20, respectively. Thermal emission from the surface is observed on the night side, representing the shortest wavelength observations of this emission ever, the first detection of the Venusian surface by an optical telescope observing below 0.8 \ensuremath\mum. Consistent with previous observatio ... Wood, Brian; Hess, Phillip; Lustig-Yaeger, Jacob; Gallagher, Brendan; Korwan, Daniel; Rich, Nathan; Stenborg, Guillermo; Thernisien, Arnaud; Qadri, Syed; Santiago, Freddie; Peralta, Javier; Arney, Giada; Izenberg, Noam; Vourlidas, Angelos; Linton, Mark; Howard, Russell; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: \grl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.1029/2021GL096302 |
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Alpha-Proton Differential Flow of the Young Solar Wind: Parker Solar Probe Observations The velocity of alpha particles relative to protons can vary depending on the solar wind type and distance from the Sun. Measurements from the previous spacecraft provided the alpha-proton differential velocities down to 0.3 au. The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) now enables insights into differential flows of the newly accelerated solar wind closer to the Sun for the first time. Here we study the difference between proton and alpha bulk velocities near PSP perihelia of encounters 3-7 when the core solar wind is in the field of vi ... Mostafavi, P.; Allen, R.~C.; McManus, M.~D.; Ho, G.~C.; Raouafi, N.~E.; Larson, D.~E.; Kasper, J.~C.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac51e1 Parker Data Used; 1534; 1544; 1492; 1476; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Turbulence in the Sub-Alfv\ enic Solar Wind The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) entered a region of sub-Alfv\ enic solar wind during encounter 8, and we present the first detailed analysis of low-frequency turbulence properties in this novel region. The magnetic field and flow velocity vectors were highly aligned during this interval. By constructing spectrograms of the normalized magnetic helicity, cross-helicity, and residual energy, we find that PSP observed primarily Alfv\ enic fluctuations, a consequence of the highly field-aligned flow that renders quasi-2D fluctuation ... Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Adhikari, L.; Telloni, D.; Kasper, J.~C.; Stevens, M.; Rahmati, A.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac51da |
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Using the Parker Solar Probe measurements, this Letter reports two new types of multiband electrostatic waves in and near the heliospheric current sheet. They are classified into the f < f $_ce$ and f > f $_ce$ multiband electrostatic waves, in which most (or all) of the bands in the former type are lower than f $_ce$, and all of the bands in the latter type are higher than f $_ce$, where f and f $_ce$ denotes the wave frequency and the electron cyclotron frequency, respectively. This Letter also exhibits observational evide ... Shi, Chen; Zhao, Jinsong; Malaspina, David; Bale, Stuart; Dong, Xiangcheng; Wang, Tieyan; Wu, Dejin; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4d37 |
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We analyze the micro-kinetic stability of the electron strahl in the solar wind depending on heliocentric distance. The oblique fast- magnetosonic/whistler (FM/W) instability has emerged in the literature as a key candidate mechanism for the effective scattering of the electron strahl into the electron halo population. Using data from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) and Helios, we compare the measured strahl properties with the analytical thresholds for the oblique FM/W instability in the low- and high-\ensuremath\beta $_\ensur ... Jeong, Seong-Yeop; Abraham, Joel; Verscharen, Daniel; Ber\vci\vc, Laura; Stansby, David; Nicolaou, Georgios; Owen, Christopher; Wicks, Robert; Fazakerley, Andrew; Rueda, Jeffersson; Bakrania, Mayur; Published by: \apjl Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac4dff Parker Data Used; 1534; 1544; 711; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Flux Rope Merging and the Structure of Switchbacks in the Solar Wind A major discovery of Parker Solar Probe (PSP) was the presence of large numbers of localized increases in the radial solar wind speed and associated sharp deflections of the magnetic field- switchbacks (SBs). A possible generation mechanism of SBs is through magnetic reconnection between open and closed magnetic flux near the solar surface, termed interchange reconnection, that leads to the ejection of flux ropes (FRs) into the solar wind. Observations also suggest that SBs undergo merging, consistent with an FR picture of t ... Agapitov, O.~V.; Drake, J.~F.; Swisdak, M.; Bale, S.~D.; Horbury, T.~S.; Kasper, J.~C.; MacDowall, R.~J.; Mozer, F.~S.; Phan, T.~D.; Pulupa, M.; Raouafi, N.~E.; Velli, M.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac4016 Parker Data Used; 711; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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In this paper we examine a low-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) event observed by IS\ensuremath\odotIS s Energetic Particle Instrument-Low (EPI-Lo) inside 0.18 au on 2020 September 30. This small SEP event has a very interesting time profile and ion composition. Our results show that the maximum energy and peak in intensity are observed mainly along the open radial magnetic field. The event shows velocity dispersion, and strong particle anisotropies are observed throughout the event, showing that more particles are stre ... Getachew, T.; McComas, D.~J.; Joyce, C.~J.; Palmerio, E.; Christian, E.~R.; Cohen, C.~M.~S.; Desai, M.~I.; Giacalone, J.; Hill, M.~E.; Matthaeus, W.~H.; McNutt, R.~L.; Mitchell, D.~G.; Mitchell, J.~G.; Rankin, J.~S.; Roelof, E.~C.; Schwadron, N.~A.; Szalay, J.~R.; Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Lynch, B.~J.; Phan, T.~D.; Bale, S.~D.; Whittlesey, P.~L.; Kasper, J.~C.; Published by: \apj Published on: feb YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac408f Parker Data Used; 1491; 310; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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The Turbulent Properties of the Sub-Alfv\ enic Solar Wind Measured by the Parker Solar Probe For the first time, Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed the sub- Alfv\ enic solar wind where the solar wind bulk speed drops below the local Alfv\ en speed for an extended period of time. Here, we report on the turbulent properties of the sub- Alfv\ enic region. We analyze the turbulence correlation length and the energy transfer and compare the results with nearby super-Alfv\ enic regions. As the Alfv\ en speed is larger or comparable to the solar wind speed in the intervals studied, we use a modified Taylor s hypothesis to a ... Zhao, L.; Zank, G.~P.; Telloni, D.; Stevens, M.; Kasper, J.~C.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \apjl Published on: apr YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac5fb0 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; interplanetary turbulence; 1534; 830 |
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This paper reports the first possible evidence for the development of the Kelvin-Helmholtz (KH) instability at the border of coronal holes separating the associated fast wind from the slower wind originating from adjacent streamer regions. Based on a statistical data set of spectroscopic measurements of the UV corona acquired with the UltraViolet Coronagraph Spectrometer on board the SOlar and Heliospheric Observatory during the minimum activity of solar cycle 22, high temperature-velocity correlations are found along the fa ... Telloni, Daniele; Adhikari, Laxman; Zank, Gary; Zhao, Lingling; Sorriso-Valvo, Luca; Antonucci, Ester; Giordano, Silvio; Mancuso, Salvatore; Published by: \apj Published on: apr YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac5cc3 Parker Data Used; Magnetohydrodynamics; Theoretical models; Time series analysis; Solar corona; Solar coronal heating; Solar coronal holes; Solar coronal streamers; Solar oscillations; Solar ultraviolet emission; 1964; 2107; 1916; 1483; 1989; 1484; 1486; 1515; 1533 |
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On the Conservation of Turbulence Energy in Turbulence Transport Models Zank et al. developed models describing the transport of low-frequency incompressible and nearly incompressible turbulence in inhomogeneous flows. The formalism was based on expressing the fluctuating variables in terms of the Elsässar variables and then taking moments subject to various closure hypotheses. The turbulence transport models are different according to whether the plasma beta regime is large, of order unity, or small. Here, we show explicitly that the three sets of turbulence transport models admit a conser ... Wang, B.; Zank, G.~P.; Adhikari, L.; Zhao, L.; Published by: \apj Published on: apr YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac596e Parker Data Used; Magnetohydrodynamics; interplanetary turbulence; 1964; 830; Physics - Plasma Physics; Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Fluid Dynamics |
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Using the Parker Solar Probe data taken in the inner heliosphere, we investigate the power and spatial anisotropy of magnetic field spectra at kinetic scales (i.e., around sub-ion scales) in solar wind turbulence in the inner heliosphere. We find that strong anisotropy of the magnetic spectra occurs at kinetic scales with the strongest power in the perpendicular direction with respect to the local magnetic field (forming an angle \ensuremath\theta $_B$ with the mean flow velocity). The spectral index of the magnetic spectra ... Huang, S.~Y.; Xu, S.~B.; Zhang, J.; Sahraoui, F.; es, Andr\; He, J.~S.; Yuan, Z.~G.; Deng, X.~H.; Jiang, K.; Wei, Y.~Y.; Xiong, Q.~Y.; Wang, Z.; Yu, L.; Lin, R.~T.; Published by: \apjl Published on: apr YEAR: 2022 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac5f02 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; interplanetary turbulence; Heliosphere; Space plasmas; 1534; 830; 711; 1544; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
| 2021 |
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We report nonlinear wave-wave coupling related to whistler-mode or electron Bernstein waves in the near-Sun slow solar wind with Parker Solar Probe (PSP) data. Prominent plasma wave power enhancements usually exist near the electron gyrofrequency (f$_ce$), identified as electrostatic whistler-mode and electron Bernstein waves (Malaspina et al. 2020). We find that these plasma waves near f$_ce$ typically have a harmonic spectral structure and further classify them into three types identified by the characteristics of wave fre ... Ma, Jiuqi; Gao, Xinliang; Yang, Zhongwei; Tsurutani, Bruce; Liu, Mingzhe; Lu, Quanming; Wang, Shui; Published by: \apj Published on: sep YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0ef4 |
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BepiColombo s cruise phase: unique opportunity for synergistic observations The investigation of multi-spacecraft coordinated observations during the cruise phase of BepiColombo (ESA/JAXA) are reported, with a particular emphasis on the recently launched missions, Solar Orbiter (ESA/NASA) and Parker Solar Probe (NASA). Despite some payload constraints, many instruments onboard BepiColombo are operating during its cruise phase simultaneously covering a wide range of heliocentric distances [0.28 AU - 0.5 AU]. Hence, the various spacecraft configurations and the combined in-situ and remote sensing meas ... Hadid, L.~Z.; enot, V.; Aizawa, S.; Milillo, A.; Zender, J.; Murakami, G.; Benkhoff, J.; Zouganelis, I.; Alberti, T.; e, Andr\; Bebesi, Z.; Califano, F.; Dimmock, A.~P.; Dosa, M.; Escoubet, C.~P.; Griton, L.; Ho, G.~C.; Horbury, T.~S.; Iwai, K.; Janvier, M.; Kilpua, E.; Lavraud, B.; Madar, A.; Miyoshi, Y.; Müller, D.; Pinto, R.~F.; Rouillard, A.~P.; Raines, J.~M.; Raouafi, N.; Sahraoui, F.; anchez-Cano, B.; Shiota, D.; Vainio, R.; Walsh, A.; Published by: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences Published on: sep YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2021.718024 Solar wind; multi-spacecraft measurements; Inner heliosphere; Spacecraft mission; Coordinated measurements |
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BepiColombo s cruise phase: unique opportunity for synergistic observations The investigation of multi-spacecraft coordinated observations during the cruise phase of BepiColombo (ESA/JAXA) are reported, with a particular emphasis on the recently launched missions, Solar Orbiter (ESA/NASA) and Parker Solar Probe (NASA). Despite some payload constraints, many instruments onboard BepiColombo are operating during its cruise phase simultaneously covering a wide range of heliocentric distances [0.28 AU - 0.5 AU]. Hence, the various spacecraft configurations and the combined in-situ and remote sensing meas ... Hadid, L.~Z.; enot, V.; Aizawa, S.; Milillo, A.; Zender, J.; Murakami, G.; Benkhoff, J.; Zouganelis, I.; Alberti, T.; e, Andr\; Bebesi, Z.; Califano, F.; Dimmock, A.~P.; Dosa, M.; Escoubet, C.~P.; Griton, L.; Ho, G.~C.; Horbury, T.~S.; Iwai, K.; Janvier, M.; Kilpua, E.; Lavraud, B.; Madar, A.; Miyoshi, Y.; Müller, D.; Pinto, R.~F.; Rouillard, A.~P.; Raines, J.~M.; Raouafi, N.; Sahraoui, F.; anchez-Cano, B.; Shiota, D.; Vainio, R.; Walsh, A.; Published by: Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences Published on: sep YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3389/fspas.2021.718024 Solar wind; multi-spacecraft measurements; Inner heliosphere; Spacecraft mission; Coordinated measurements |
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The first computations of the compressible energy transfer rate from \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde0.2 up to \raisebox-0.5ex\textasciitilde1.7 au is obtained using Parker Solar Probe (PSP), Time History of Events and Macroscale Interactions during Substorms (THEMIS), and Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN (MAVEN) observations. Using a recently derived exact relation for isothermal magnetohydrodynamics turbulence, the compressible energy cascade rate, \ensuremath\varepsilon$_C$, is computed for hundred of events at differ ... es, Andr\; Sahraoui, F.; Hadid, L.~Z.; Huang, S.~Y.; Romanelli, N.; Galtier, S.; DiBraccio, G.; Halekas, J.; Published by: \apj Published on: sep YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0af5 Solar wind; Fast solar wind; Slow solar wind; Interplanetary physics; 1534; 1872; 1873; 827; Physics - Space Physics; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Parker Data Used |
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Context. Alfv\ enic fluctuations are ubiquitous features observed in solar wind, especially in the inner heliosphere. However, strong Alfv\ enic fluctuations are recovered in the near-Earth solar wind too, mainly in fast streams, but also in some cases in slow wind intervals, as highlighted in recent studies. \ Aims: The present study focuses on a statistical comparison between different phases of solar cycles 23 and 24 with regard to the Alfv\ enic content of solar wind fluctuations. Particular attention is devoted to the A ... Amicis, R.; Alielden, K.; Perrone, D.; Bruno, R.; Telloni, D.; Raines, J.~M.; Lepri, S.~T.; Zhao, L.; Published by: \aap Published on: oct YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202140600 Parker Data Used; plasmas; Sun: heliosphere; Solar wind; turbulence; methods: data analysis; Interplanetary medium |
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ORFEES - a radio spectrograph for the study of solar radio bursts and space weather applications Radio bursts are sensitive tracers of non-thermal electron populations in the solar corona. They are produced by electron beams and shock waves propagating through the corona and the heliosphere, and by trapped electron populations in coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and in quiescent active regions. Combining space-borne and ground-based radio spectrographs allows one to track disturbances between the low corona, near or at the sites of particle acceleration, and the spacecraft. Radio observations are, therefore, a significant ... Hamini, Abdallah; Auxepaules, Gabriel; ee, Lionel; Kenfack, Guy; Kerdraon, Alain; Klein, Karl-Ludwig; Lespagnol, Patrice; Masson, Sophie; Coutouly, Lucile; Fabrice, Christian; Romagnan, Renaud; Published by: Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate Published on: oct YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/swsc/2021039 Parker Data Used; Astronomical instrumentation; methods and techniques; Sun: activity; Sun: corona; Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: radio radiation |
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Small-scale Magnetic Flux Ropes with Field-aligned Flows via the PSP In Situ Observations Magnetic flux rope, formed by the helical magnetic field lines, can sometimes maintain its shape while carrying significant plasma flow that is aligned with the local magnetic field. We report the existence of such structures and static flux ropes by applying the Grad-Shafranov-based algorithm to the Parker Solar Probe in situ measurements in the first five encounters. These structures are detected at heliocentric distances, ranging from 0.13 to 0.66 au, in a 4-month time period. We find that flux ropes with field-aligned fl ... Chen, Yu; Hu, Qiang; Zhao, Lingling; Kasper, Justin; Huang, Jia; Published by: \apj Published on: jun YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abfd30 Parker Data Used; Solar wind; Astronomy data analysis; interplanetary turbulence; Solar magnetic reconnection; Solar magnetic fields; 1534; 1858; 830; 1504; 1503; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics |
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An Interplanetary Type IIIb Radio Burst Observed by Parker Solar Probe and Its Emission Mechanism Type IIIb radio bursts were identified as a chain of quasi-periodic striae in dynamic spectra, drifting from high to low frequencies in a manner similar to type III bursts, which fine structures may provide a clue to a better understanding of emission mechanisms. The approaching observation of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft provides a new chance of probing type IIIb bursts in the vicinity of the Sun. In this Letter, combining the in situ measurement of PSP and the empirical model of solar atmospheres in open magneti ... Chen, Ling; Ma, Bing; Wu, Dejin; Zhao, Guoqing; Tang, Jianfei; Bale, Stuart; Published by: \apjl Published on: jul YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ac0b43 Parker Data Used; Solar radio emission; Interplanetary physics; 1522; 827 |
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Various forms of exact laws governing magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence have been derived either in the incompressibility limit, or for isothermal compressible flows. Here we propose a more general method that allows us to obtain such laws for any turbulent isentropic flow (i.e., constant entropy). We demonstrate that the known MHD exact laws (incompressible and isothermal) and the new (polytropic) one can be obtained as specific cases of the general law when the corresponding closure equation is stated. We also recover a ... Published by: \apj Published on: jul YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0337 Solar wind; Solar Physics; Parker Data Used; Magnetohydrodynamics; Plasma astrophysics; Plasma physics; interplanetary turbulence; 1534; 1476; 1964; 1261; 2089; 830; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Fluid Dynamics |
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Parker Solar Probe Enters the Magnetically Dominated Solar Corona The high temperatures and strong magnetic fields of the solar corona form streams of solar wind that expand through the Solar System into interstellar space. At 09:33 UT on 28 April 2021 Parker Solar Probe entered the magnetized atmosphere of the Sun 13 million km above the photosphere, crossing below the Alfv\ en critical surface for five hours into plasma in casual contact with the Sun with an Alfv\ en Mach number of 0.79 and magnetic pressure dominating both ion and electron pressure. The spectrum of turbulence below the ... Kasper, J.~C.; Klein, K.~G.; Lichko, E.; Huang, Jia; Chen, C.~H.~K.; Badman, S.~T.; Bonnell, J.; Whittlesey, P.~L.; Livi, R.; Larson, D.; Pulupa, M.; Rahmati, A.; Stansby, D.; Korreck, K.~E.; Stevens, M.; Case, A.~W.; Bale, S.~D.; Maksimovic, M.; Moncuquet, M.; Goetz, K.; Halekas, J.~S.; Malaspina, D.; Raouafi, Nour; Szabo, A.; MacDowall, R.; Velli, Marco; de Wit, Thierry; Zank, G.~P.; Published by: \prl Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.127.255101 |
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We report analysis of sub-Alfv\ enic magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) perturbations in the low-\ensuremath\beta radial-field solar wind employing the Parker Solar Probe spacecraft data from 2018 October 31 to November 12. We calculate wavevectors using the singular value decomposition method and separate MHD perturbations into three eigenmodes (Alfv\ en, fast, and slow modes) to explore the properties of sub-Alfv\ enic perturbations and the role of compressible perturbations in solar wind heating. The MHD perturbations show a high ... Zhao, S.~Q.; Yan, Huirong; Liu, Terry; Liu, Mingzhe; Shi, Mijie; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac2ffe Parker Data Used; 1534; 830; 1964; 1544; 1636; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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One of the striking observations from the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft is the prevalence in the inner heliosphere of large amplitude, Alfv\ enic magnetic field reversals termed switchbacks. These $\delta B_R/B\sim \mathcal O (1$ ) fluctuations occur over a range of timescales and in patches separated by intervals of quiet, radial magnetic field. We use measurements from PSP to demonstrate that patches of switchbacks are localized within the extensions of plasma structures originating at the base of the corona. These ... Bale, S.~D.; Horbury, T.~S.; Velli, M.; Desai, M.~I.; Halekas, J.~S.; McManus, M.~D.; Panasenco, O.; Badman, S.~T.; Bowen, T.~A.; Chandran, B.~D.~G.; Drake, J.~F.; Kasper, J.~C.; Laker, R.; Mallet, A.; Matteini, L.; Phan, T.~D.; Raouafi, N.~E.; Squire, J.; Woodham, L.~D.; Woolley, T.; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac2d8c Parker Data Used; 1534; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics |
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Interaction between Multiple Current Sheets and a Shock Wave: 2D Hybrid Kinetic Simulations Particle acceleration behind a shock wave due to interactions between magnetic islands in the heliosphere has attracted attention in recent years. The downstream acceleration may yield a continuous increase of particle flux downstream of the shock wave. Although it is not obvious how the downstream magnetic islands are produced, it has been suggested that current sheets are involved in the generation of magnetic islands due to their interaction with a shock wave. We perform 2D hybrid kinetic simulations to investigate the in ... Nakanotani, M.; Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac2e06 |
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MHD and Ion Kinetic Waves in Field-aligned Flows Observed by Parker Solar Probe Parker Solar Probe (PSP) observed predominately Alfv\ enic fluctuations in the solar wind near the Sun where the magnetic field tends to be radially aligned. In this paper, two magnetic- field-aligned solar wind flow intervals during PSP s first two orbits are analyzed. Observations of these intervals indicate strong signatures of parallel/antiparallel-propagating waves. We utilize multiple analysis techniques to extract the properties of the observed waves in both magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) and kinetic scales. At the MHD sca ... Zhao, L.; Zank, G.~P.; He, J.~S.; Telloni, D.; Adhikari, L.; Nakanotani, M.; Kasper, J.~C.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: \apj Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac28fb Parker Data Used; 1534; 23; 830; 824 |
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\ Aims: Solar Orbiter (SolO) was launched on February 9, 2020, allowing us to study the nature of turbulence in the inner heliopshere. We investigate the evolution of anisotropic turbulence in the fast and slow solar wind in the inner heliosphere using the nearly incompressible magnetohydrodynamic (NI MHD) turbulence model and SolO measurements. \ Methods: We calculated the two dimensional (2D) and the slab variances of the energy in forward and backward propagating modes, the fluctuating magnetic energy, the fluctuating kin ... Adhikari, L.; Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Telloni, D.; Horbury, T.~S.; Brien, H.; Evans, V.; Angelini, V.; Owen, C.~J.; Louarn, P.; Fedorov, A.; Published by: \aap Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202140672 |
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Context. Solar Orbiter, the new-generation mission dedicated to solar and heliospheric exploration, was successfully launched on February 10, 2020, 04:03 UTC from Cape Canaveral. During its first perihelion passage in June 2020, two successive interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs), propagating along the heliospheric current sheet (HCS), impacted the spacecraft. \ Aims: This paper addresses the investigation of the ICMEs encountered by Solar Orbiter on June 7\ensuremath-8, 2020, from both an observational and a modeli ... Telloni, D.; Scolini, C.; Möstl, C.; Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Weiss, A.~J.; Reiss, M.~A.; Laker, R.; Perrone, D.; Khotyaintsev, Y.; Steinvall, K.; Sorriso-Valvo, L.; Horbury, T.~S.; Wimmer-Schweingruber, R.~F.; Bruno, R.; Amicis, R.; De Marco, R.; Jagarlamudi, V.~K.; Carbone, F.; Marino, R.; Stangalini, M.; Nakanotani, M.; Adhikari, L.; Liang, H.; Woodham, L.~D.; Davies, E.~E.; Hietala, H.; Perri, S.; omez-Herrero, R.; iguez-Pacheco, Rodr\; Antonucci, E.; Romoli, M.; Fineschi, S.; Maksimovic, M.; Sou\vcek, J.; Chust, T.; Kretzschmar, M.; Vecchio, A.; Müller, D.; Zouganelis, I.; Winslow, R.~M.; Giordano, S.; Mancuso, S.; Susino, R.; Ivanovski, S.~L.; Messerotti, M.; Brien, H.; Evans, V.; Angelini, V.; Published by: \aap Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202140648 Parker Data Used; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); Sun: coronal mass ejections (CMEs); Sun: evolution; Sun: heliosphere; Solar wind; solar-terrestrial relations |
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Probing Upflowing Regions in the Quiet Sun and Coronal Holes Recent observations from Parker Solar Probe have revealed that the solar wind has a highly variable structure. How this complex behaviour is formed in the solar corona is not yet known, since it requires omnipresent fluctuations, which constantly emit material to feed the wind. In this article we analyse 14 upflow regions in the solar corona to find potential sources for plasma flow. The upflow regions are derived from spectroscopic data from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on board Hinode determining their Doppler veloci ... Schwanitz, Conrad; Harra, Louise; Raouafi, Nour; Sterling, Alphonse; Vacas, Alejandro; Iniesta, Jose; arez, David; Hara, Hirohisa; Published by: \solphys Published on: dec YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1007/s11207-021-01915-0 Parker Data Used; Corona; structures; Coronal holes; Jets; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics |
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Turbulence transport in the solar corona: Theory, modeling, and Parker Solar Probe A primary goal of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Mission is to answer the outstanding question of how the solar corona plasma is heated to the high temperatures needed for the acceleration of the solar wind. Various heating mechanisms have been suggested, but one that is gaining increasing credence is associated with the dissipation of low frequency magnetohyrodynamic (MHD) turbulence. However, the MHD turbulence models come in several flavors: one in which outwardly propagating Alfv\ en waves experience reflection from the la ... Zank, G.~P.; Zhao, L.; Adhikari, L.; Telloni, D.; Kasper, J.~C.; Bale, S.~D.; Published by: Physics of Plasmas Published on: aug YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055692 |
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We present a statistical analysis for the characteristics and spatial evolution of the interplanetary discontinuities (IDs) in the solar wind, from 0.13-0.9 au, by using the Parker Solar Probe measurements on Orbits 4 and 5. We collected 3948 IDs, including 2511 rotational discontinuities (RDs) and 557 tangential discontinuities (TDs), with the remnant unidentified. The statistical results show that (1) the ID occurrence rate decreases from 200 events per day at 0.13 au to 1 event per day at 0.9 au, following a spatial scali ... Liu, Y.~Y.; Fu, H.~S.; Cao, J.~B.; Liu, C.~M.; Wang, Z.; Guo, Z.~Z.; Xu, Y.; Bale, S.~D.; Kasper, J.~C.; Published by: \apj Published on: aug YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac06a1 Interplanetary discontinuities; Solar wind; interplanetary magnetic fields; Magnetohydrodynamics; 820; 1534; 824; 1964; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics; Parker Data Used |
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Assessing the Role of Interchange Reconnection in Forming Switchbacks Abrupt deflections of the magnetic field in the solar wind, so called switchbacks, are frequently observed by the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during its first two orbits and are believed to play an important role in unveiling the nature of solar corona heating and solar wind acceleration in the inner heliosphere. Many attempts were made recently to understand the nature of switchbacks. However, the origin, propagation, and evolution of switchbacks are still under debate. In this study, we attempt to use the linear theory of ... Liang, H.; Zank, G.~P.; Nakanotani, M.; Zhao, L.; Published by: \apj Published on: aug YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac0a73 Space plasmas; Solar wind; Solar magnetic fields; Parker Data Used; Solar magnetic reconnection; 1544; 1534; 1503; 1504 |
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Flux Ropes, Turbulence, and Collisionless Perpendicular Shock Waves: High Plasma Beta Case With the onset of solar maximum and the expected increased prevalence of interplanetary shock waves, Parker Solar Probe is likely to observe numerous shocks in the next few years. An outstanding question that has received surprisingly little attention has been how turbulence interacts with collisionless shock waves. Turbulence in the supersonic solar wind is described frequently as a superposition of a majority 2D and a minority slab component. We formulate a collisional perpendicular shock-turbulence transmission problem in ... Zank, G.; Nakanotani, M.; Zhao, L.; Du, S.; Adhikari, L.; Che, H.; le Roux, J.; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 06/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abf7c8 Interplanetary shocks; interplanetary turbulence; 829; 830; Parker Data Used |
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Applicability of Taylor s hypothesis during Parker Solar Probe perihelia We investigate the validity of Taylor s hypothesis (TH) in the analysis of velocity and magnetic field fluctuations in Alfvénic solar wind streams measured by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during the first four encounters. The analysis is based on a recent model of the spacetime correlation of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence, which has been validated in high-resolution numerical simulations of strong reduced MHD turbulence. We use PSP velocity and magnetic field measurements from 24 h intervals selected from each of the fir ... Perez, Jean; Bourouaine, Sofiane; Chen, Christopher; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: 06/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039879 Solar wind; Sun: heliosphere; turbulence; magnetohydrodynamics (MHD); plasmas; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Plasma Physics; Physics - Space Physics; Parker Data Used |
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Detection of small magnetic flux ropes from the third and fourth Parker Solar Probe encounters Context. Zhao, L.; Zank, G.; Hu, Q.; Telloni, D.; Chen, Y.; Adhikari, L.; Nakanotani, M.; Kasper, J.; Huang, J.; Bale, S.; Korreck, K.; Case, A.; Stevens, M.; Bonnell, J.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Harvey, P.; MacDowall, R.; Malaspina, D.; Pulupa, M.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; Whittlesey, P.; Klein, K.; Raouafi, N.; Published by: Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: 06/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039298 Solar wind; Sun: magnetic fields; turbulence; methods: observational; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics; Parker Data Used |
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Detection of small magnetic flux ropes from the third and fourth Parker Solar Probe encounters Context. Zhao, L.; Zank, G.; Hu, Q.; Telloni, D.; Chen, Y.; Adhikari, L.; Nakanotani, M.; Kasper, J.; Huang, J.; Bale, S.; Korreck, K.; Case, A.; Stevens, M.; Bonnell, J.; de Wit, Dudok; Goetz, K.; Harvey, P.; MacDowall, R.; Malaspina, D.; Pulupa, M.; Larson, D.; Livi, R.; Whittlesey, P.; Klein, K.; Raouafi, N.; Published by: Astronomy and Astrophysics Published on: 06/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202039298 Solar wind; Sun: magnetic fields; turbulence; methods: observational; Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics; Physics - Space Physics; Parker Data Used |
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The first radial alignment between Parker Solar Probe and Solar Orbiter spacecraft is used to investigate the evolution of solar wind turbulence in the inner heliosphere. Assuming ballistic propagation, two 1.5 hr intervals are tentatively identified as providing measurements of the same plasma parcels traveling from 0.1 to 1 au. Using magnetic field measurements from both spacecraft, the properties of turbulence in the two intervals are assessed. Magnetic spectral density, flatness, and high-order moment scaling laws are ca ... Telloni, Daniele; Sorriso-Valvo, Luca; Woodham, Lloyd; Panasenco, Olga; Velli, Marco; Carbone, Francesco; Zank, Gary; Bruno, Roberto; Perrone, Denise; Nakanotani, Masaru; Shi, Chen; Amicis, Raffaella; De Marco, Rossana; Jagarlamudi, Vamsee; Steinvall, Konrad; Marino, Raffaele; Adhikari, Laxman; Zhao, Lingling; Liang, Haoming; Tenerani, Anna; Laker, Ronan; Horbury, Timothy; Bale, Stuart; Pulupa, Marc; Malaspina, David; MacDowall, Robert; Goetz, Keith; de Wit, Thierry; Harvey, Peter; Kasper, Justin; Korreck, Kelly; Larson, Davin; Case, Anthony; Stevens, Michael; Whittlesey, Phyllis; Livi, Roberto; Owen, Christopher; Livi, Stefano; Louarn, Philippe; Antonucci, Ester; Romoli, Marco; Brien, Helen; Evans, Vincent; Angelini, Virginia; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 05/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/abf7d1 Parker Data Used; Magnetohydrodynamics; Alfven waves; Space plasmas; interplanetary turbulence; Solar wind; 1964; 23; 1544; 830; 1534 |
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Non Detection of Lightning During the Second Parker Solar Probe Venus Gravity Assist The Parker Solar Probe (PSP) spacecraft completed its second Venus gravity assist maneuver (VGA2) on December 26, 2019. For a 20 min interval surrounding closest approach, the PSP/FIELDS Radio Frequency Spectrometer (RFS) was set to "burst mode," recording radio spectra from 1.3 to 19.2 MHz at sub second cadence. We analyze this burst mode data, searching for signatures of radio frequency "sferic" emission from lightning discharges. During the burst mode interval, only four spectra were observed with strong impulsive signals ... Pulupa, Marc; Bale, Stuart; Curry, Shannon; Farrell, William; Goodrich, Katherine; Goetz, Keith; Harvey, Peter; Malaspina, David; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: Geophysical Research Letters Published on: 04/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.1029/2020GL091751 Parker Data Used; Venus; lightning; radio; non detection; parker solar probe |
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Pristine PSP/WISPR Observations of the Circumsolar Dust Ring near Venus s Orbit The Parker Solar Probe mission (PSP) has completed seven orbits around the Sun. The Wide-field Imager for Solar Probe (WISPR) on PSP consists of two visible light heliospheric imagers, which together image the interplanetary medium between 13°5 and 108° elongation. The PSP/WISPR nominal science observing window occurs during the solar encounters, which take place when the spacecraft (S/C) is within 0.25 au from the Sun. During Orbit 3, an extended science campaign took place while PSP transited between 0.5 and 0.25 au (dur ... Stenborg, Guillermo; Gallagher, Brendan; Howard, Russell; Hess, Phillip; Raouafi, Nour; Published by: The Astrophysical Journal Published on: 04/2021 YEAR: 2021 DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/abe623 Parker Data Used; Solar F corona; Interplanetary dust; Circumstellar dust; 1991; 821; 236 |
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